유학생의 자기 결정적 동기, 문화적응, 정신건강의 관계
The Relationship among Self-determined Motivation, Acculturation and Mental Health in Korean International Students
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초록
본 연구는 유학생들의 자기 결정적 동기, 문화적응, 정신건강의 관계를 알아보고 자기 결정적 동기가 정신건강에 영향을 주는데 있어서 문화적응이 매개 역할을 하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 로스앤젤레스에서 수학하고 있는 유학생 161명을 대상으로 자기 결정적 동기, 문화적응, 정신건강을 측정하기 위한 설문을 실시하였다. 정신건강의 지표로는 우울, 불안, 신체화, 정서적 안녕감 수준이 측정되었다. 연구 결과, 자기 결정적 동기는 주류 문화적응과 유의미한 정적 상관이 있었으나 모국 문화 동일시와는 유의미한 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 정서적 안녕감과 정적 상관, 우울, 불안과 부적 상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 주류 문화적응은 우울과 부적 상관, 정서적 안녕감과 정적 상관을 보이고 모국 문화 동일시는 우울과 부적 상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 문화적응의 매개 효과를 검증해 본 결과, 주류 문화적응이 자기 결정적 동기와 우울, 자기 결정적 동기와 정서적 안녕감 사이를 부분 매개하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 기술하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of present study was to verify the relationship among self-determined motivation, acculturation and mental health of Korean international students in Los Angeles, U.S. Also, the mediation effect of acculturation between self-determined motivation and mental health was validated. For the study, 161 undergraduate Korean international students were questioned of self-determined motivation, acculturation and mental health. Depression, anxiety, somatization and emotional well-being were measured as mental health index. The results of the study are summarized as follows. Self-determined motivation had significant association with acculturation to the host culture, but not with the home culture. It was positively related to emotional well-being, but negatively related to anxiety. When it came to acculturation, acculturation to the host culture had negative correlation with depression but positive correlation with emotional well-being, and acculturation to the home culture had negative correlation with depression. The mediation effects of acculturation to the host culture between self-determined motivation and depression, and between self determined motivation and emotional well-being were significant. Finally, implication and limitation of the study were discussed.
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