비행청소년의 유형에 따른 전두엽 실행기능의 차이 -평생지속형과 청소년기 제한형을 중심으로-
Differences of Frontal Lobe Executive Function according to Delinquency Juveniles Type: with special reference to Life Course Persistent Type and Adolescents Limited Type
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본 연구는 비행청소년의 유형에 따른 전두엽 실행기능의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 실행기능을 측정하는 신경심리검사인 위스콘신 카드분류 검사, 하노이타워 검사, 그리고 스트룹 검사를 청소년 비행의 두 하위 유형인 평생지속형 비행청소년과 제한형 비행청소년, 그리고 일반청소년 집단에게 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 위스콘신 카드분류 검사에서는 일반청소년, 평생지속형 비행청소년, 제한형 비행청소년 간 인지적 유연성에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 하노이타워 검사를 이용한 계획 및 조직화 수행에서는 일반청소년과 비행청소년 간은 차이가 있었으나 비행집단 간에는 첫 번째 수행에서의 계획시간을 제외하고는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 스트룹 검사에서는 일반청소년, 평생지속형 비행청소년, 제한형 비행청소년 간 억제의 차이가 발견되었다. 이러한 결과는 비행청소년의 실행기능 결함에 대한 가설을 지지함과 동시에 비행청소년의 하위 집단 간 차이를 밝혀냄으로써 평생지속형 비행청소년의 전두엽의 결함 혹은 발달상의 미숙함을 추측할 수 있게 하였다. 본 연구는 신경심리 평가 도구를 이용하여 평생지속형 비행청소년만이 신경학적 결함이 있음을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 또한 비행 원인을 추론해 봄으로써 비행청소년의 효과적인 선도 및 교육에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse differences in frontal lobe executive function of delinquency juveniles. In order to find out fundamental factors of the delinquency, this study divided the group into Adolescence- Limited and Life-Course-Persistent Delinquency juveniles with the use of delinquent classification scale. Then, this study was executed by three main neuro-psychological assessment scales(Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Tower of Hanoi, go-no-go and the like) to compare the differences of the executive function between sub-domain groups. The participants are normal juvenile group(n=28), Adolescence-Limited Delinquency juveniles(n=23), and Life-Course-Persistent Delinquency juveniles(n=27). The Results indicate that first, in the course of using WCST(Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), there were significant differences in cognitive flexibility between normal juveniles and Adolescence-Limited and Life-Course-Persistent Delinquency juveniles. Second, there were differences between normal and delinquent juveniles on the Tower of Hanoi Test which is assessed the planning and organizing ability, but no outstanding differences between the sub-domain delinquent groups at the first operation except the concept of the planning time. Third, through the Stroop Task, the study was also able to focus on differences of self-control and inhibition between Adolescence-Limited and Life-Course-Persistent Delinquency juveniles. These result suggested that by indicating the hypothesis about the defect of the executive function of the delinquent juveniles and shedding light on the differences between sub-group of them, it is possible to hypothesize that there was defect or developmental immaturity on the frontal lobe of the delinquent juveniles. This study is important in that it is proved that there was neurological defect only in Life-Course-Persistent Delinquency juveniles with the neuro-psychological assessment scales. Moreover, the more effective measures for the proper guidance and education can be put into effect by reasoning the causes of juvenile delinquency.
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