아동 인지능력 평가의 최근 동향: CHC이론과 K-WISC-Ⅳ
Recent Trends in Cognitive Assessment for Children: CHC Theory and K-WISC-Ⅳ
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이 논문의 목적은 아동 인지능력 평가의 최근 동향을 논하는 것으로 Cattell-Horn-Carroll(CHC)이론과 K-WISC-Ⅳ를 중점적으로 다루었다. 동시대에 가장 영향력있는 심리측정이론인 CHC이론은 최근 10년 사이 여러 지능검사 개발에 이론적 틀을 제공하였고 교차배터리평가법(cross-battery assessment) 발달에 초석이 되었다. 다시 말해서, CHC이론은 지능검사의 개발, 실시 및 해석에서 이론과 실제의 간격을 좁히는데 기여해왔다. 이러한 CHC이론은 전판과 비교해서 혁신적인 변화를 선보인 WISC 최신 개정판을 이해하는데 매우 중요하다. 많은 기대와 관심 속에서 출판된 K-WISC-Ⅳ는 도구의 이론적 토대 업데이트, 발달적 적합성의 증가, 심리측정 속성의 향상, 검사자의 편의성 증대라는 네 가지 개정목표를 갖고 있다. 이 논문에서는 CHC이론과 일반적인 검사개발기준에 비추어 개정목표별로 K-WISC-Ⅳ의 장단점을 평가하였다. 더불어, 이 검사의 실시와 해석 그리고 향후 연구를 위한 제언을 제공하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss recent trends in the field of cognitive assessment for children with a focus on CHC theory and to review K-WISC-Ⅳ. CHC theory, which is the most influential psychometric theory of cognitive abilities in contemporary cognitive assessment, has provided a theoretical framework for several recently revised intelligence tests for children and has led to the development of cross-battery assessment. Stated differently, this theory has contributed to reducing the gap between theory and practice in terms of the development, administration, and interpretation of intelligence tests over the past decade. From the CHC perspective and based on standards for educational and psychological testing, we reviewed K-WISC-Ⅳ that has been published lately with four revision goals including update in theoretical foundations, increased developmental appropriateness, improved psychometric properties, and enhanced test convenience. We provided some suggestions about the administration and interpretation of K-WISC-Ⅳ, and discussed implications for future research in the area of child cognitive assessment.
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