남녀 중학생의 부/모 애착과 또래괴롭힘 방어, 방관행동의 관계: 정서조절과 사회적 자기효능감의 매개효과
The Structural Relations among Attachment, Emotion Regulation, Social Self-Efficacy, Defending and Outsider Behaviors of Middle School Students
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구에서는 부/모와의 애착과 또래괴롭힘 방어 및 방관행동 간의 관계를 정서조절, 사회적 자기효능감이 매개하는지 살펴보았다. 서울, 경기, 부산, 충주 지역 소재의 중학교 1, 2학년 579명(남: 292, 여: 287)을 대상으로 자기보고식 설문지를 활용, 자료를 수집하였으며 성별로 다집단 분석을 실시하였다. 남학생과 여학생 모두 애착에서 방어, 방관행동으로의 직접 경로를 제외한 완전매개 모형이 더 적합하였고, 모형의 적합도는 양호한 수준이었다. 남학생과 여학생 모두 모 애착이 방어행동에 영향을 미치는 관계에서 정서조절이 매개변인 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 부 애착이 정서조절을 통해 방어행동에 영향을 미치는 경로는 남학생의 경우에만 유의하였으며, 모 애착이 정서조절과 사회적 자기효능감 모두를 통해 방어행동에 영향을 미치는 이중매개 효과는 여학생의 경우에만 나타났다. 한편, 모 애착이 정서조절을 통해 방관행동에 영향을 미치는 경로는 여학생의 경우에만 유의하였다. 이러한 결과는 또래괴롭힘 주변인을 대상으로 한 프로그램 개발 시에 성차를 고려해야 함을 시사하며, 이를 바탕으로 효과적 개입전략에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study examined how personal characteristics such as emotion regulation and social self-efficacy mediate the relations between paternal/maternal attachment and defending or outsider behaviors. A total of 579 middle school students participated in this study. Data were analyzed by gender, using Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicated that a complete mediation model without the direct effect of attachment was better than a partial mediation model, regardless of gender. A mediating effect of emotion regulation was significant between maternal attachment and defending behaviors in all gender. However, emotion regulation mediated the relation between paternal attachment and defending behaviors only among boys. A mediating effect of emotion regulation was significant between maternal attachment and outsider behaviors only among girls. In addition, emotion regulation and social efficacy both served as mediators on the relations between maternal attachment and defending behaviors only among girls. Based on these findings, effective prevention/intervention strategies were discussed. The importance of gender-specific approach was also emphasized.
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