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효과적인 P2P(Peer-to-Peer) 공유 서비스 회복 전략에 관한 연구: 퍼지셋 질적 비교 분석(fsQCA)을 중심으로

A Study on Effective Service Recovery Strategies in a P2P Sharing-Service Model: Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 P2P 공유 서비스 사용 과정에서 서비스 실패를 경험한 고객의 긍정적 반응을 이끌어오기 위한 효과적인 서비스 회복 전략을 도출하기 위하여 수행하였다. 이를 위해, 공유 서비스, 서비스 실패 및 회복 관련 기존 문헌을 바탕으로 서비스 실패, 회복, 고객 특성에 해당하는 5가지 원인 조건(독립 변수)(①서비스 실패 심각도: 높음 vs. 낮음, ②서비스 회복 주체: 동료 서비스 제공자 vs. 공유 서비스 기업, ③서비스 회복 노력: 사과 vs. 환불, ④고객 특성: 성별, ⑤고객 특성: 연령)과 고객의 긍정적 반응에 해당하는 4가지 결과(종속 변수)(①동료 서비스 제공자에 대한 만족도, ②동료 서비스 제공자에게 높은 리뷰 점수를 줄 의도, ③공유 서비스 기업에 대한 만족도, ④공유 서비스 기업을 재사용할 의도)를 정의하였다. 숙박 공유 서비스를 사용해본 경험이 있는 미국 고객을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사 플랫폼인 MTurk을 통해 276개의 데이터를 수집하였다. 이를 활용하여 퍼지셋 질적 비교 분석(fsQCA)을 수행한 결과, 동료 서비스 제공자에 대한 만족도를 가져오는 4개 솔루션, 동료 서비스 제공자에게 높은 리뷰 점수를 줄 의도를 가져오는 4개 솔루션, 공유 서비스 기업에 대한 만족도를 가져오는 6개 솔루션, 공유 서비스 기업을 재사용할 의도를 가져오는 6개 솔루션을 도출하였다. 각 솔루션들을 통해 도출한 시사점은 (1)서비스 실패 심각도가 낮을 때와 (2)환불을 받았을 때 동료 서비스 제공자 및 공유 서비스 기업에 대한 긍정적 반응을 보였고, (3)동료 서비스 제공자가 서비스 회복을 해주었을 때, 동료 서비스 제공자뿐만 아니라 공유 서비스 기업에게도 긍정적 반응을 보이는 경향을 보였다. 마지막으로 (4)고객 특성(성별 및 연령)은 서비스 실패 및 회복 특성(실패 심각도, 회복 주체, 회복 노력)과의 다양한 조합을 통해 고객의 긍정적 반응에 영향을 미쳤다(예: 젊은 남자 고객은 서비스 실패 심각도가 낮을 때, 공유 서비스 기업이 사과하면 공유 서비스 기업에 대한 만족도가 높은 반면, 나이 든 남자 고객은 서비스 실패 심각도가 낮을 때, 동료 서비스 제공자가 환불하면 공유 서비스 기업에 대한 만족도가 높음)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the configurational model that induces P2P sharing- service customer’s positive responses towards the sharing-service firm and the peer service provider. Based on the literature on P2P sharing-service and service failure, this study sets five factors as causal conditions (①severity of service failure: high vs. low, ②doer of service recovery: peer service provider vs. sharing-service firm, ③service recovery effort: apology vs. refund, customer characteristics: ④gender, ⑤age). It also sets four kinds of customer’s positive responses as outcomes (peer service provider: ①satisfaction, ②intention to give good review score; sharing-service firm: ③satisfaction, ④repurchase intention). Data gathered from 276 respondents via an online survey using Mturk were used. Employing fsQCA, this study offers various solutions for each customer response (peer service provider: ①satisfaction: 4 solutions; ②intention to give good review score: 4 solutions; sharing-service firm: ③satisfaction: 6 solutions; ④repurchase intention: 6 solutions). The implications derived through each solution were: (1)when the severity of service failure was low and (2)when refund was received, the customer gave a positive response. And, (3)when the peer service provider gave a service recovery, the customer gave a positive response not only to the peer service provider but also to the sharing-service firm. Finally, customer characteristics(gender and age) influenced the occurrence of customers’ positive responses through various combinations of service failure and recovery characteristics.

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