유발 하라리의 호모 데우스론에 관한 분석비평 연구
A Critical Analysis on Yuval Harari's "Homo Deus"
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“호모 데우스” 즉 인간-신이란 개념은 하라리의 독창적인 개념으로서, 과학기술문명이 발달하면서 인간이 신의 영역을 차지했다는 의미로 사용하고 있다. 인간의 생명은 신의 영역이었는데, 이제 인간이 생명을 조절할 수 있는 차원에 이르렀기 때문에, 인간이 신의 영역에서 신적인 일을 한다는 의미이다. 호모 데우스론은 기독교와 종교를 픽션 스토리로 보고 홀대하면서 뒷전으로 몰아내고 있다. 종교는 픽션이 아니라 신적요소인 우주의식의 미세조정과 오케스트레이션을 하는 초월적이고 신비스러운 신적현상에 대한 인간의 실제경험이다. 인간만이 갖고 있는 독특한 자의식은 원초적인 차원에서 종교적인 존재가 되는 데에 결정적라는 주장을 하면서 호모 데우스의 제한성을 지적하고 기독교 학술적 변증을 위한 기반논의를 제공하고 있다.
Abstract
This essay attempts critical analysis on the theory of “homo deus” by indicating four subservient and critical issues within Harari's arguments. First of all, his method of reductionism is a critical point, as he neglects on the emergent theory, which is adequately and implicitly unveiling in the scientific field of physics. Second point is that he relies upon the algorithm too much, with which he dexterously elucidates the hominoid world. But the algorithm is not only the expedient tool to construe the world, but also the quantum mechanics, creativity, and others could be the tools as well. The third critical one is his excessive and harsh statements on religion as a fictional story. The theory of cosmological consciousness is presented to indicate the incompleteness of his arguments. The cosmic consciousness is a Divine constituent of operating on the fine tuning and the exercise of orchestration in the universe. The fourth critical point is his negligence on human self-consciousness in the elucidation of the human religion. The self-consciousness is the fundamental basis for anthropological capabilities of religion. This essay urges theologians and Christians, who are thrusting for evangelization of the succeeding generation, to endeavor remorselessly on ensuring critiques toward this kind of careless arguments on religion.
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