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인간향상기술의 기독교적 수용 가능성과 한계

Christian Acceptability and Limitations of Enhancement

문영식
한국기독교철학회 (The society of christian philosophers in Korea)|2024.08|기독교철학 (Journal of Christian Philosophy)|제40호|pp. 115-146|DOI 10.23291/jcp.2024..40.115

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참고문헌

키워드

Anthropology트랜스휴머니즘Enhancement포스트휴머니즘PosthumanismTranshumanism하나님의 형상인간론Image of God인간향상기술

초록

본 논문은 트랜스휴먼주의자가 주장하는 인간향상기술의 기독교적 수용 가능성과 한계에 대해 모색한다. 트랜스휴머니즘은 “포스트휴머니즘”의 출현을 향해 인간을 강화하기 위한 다양한 형태의 생명공학의 사용을 포함하는 이데올로기이다. 트랜스휴머니즘의 기본적인 주장을 기독교의 인간에 대한 이해(하나님의 형상)와 대조하고, 모든 인간이 공유하는 본질적인 성질이 있는지, 만약 인간만의 공통적 본성이 존재한다면 인간의 본질적인 특징이 트랜스휴머니즘과 기독교는 인간의 번영을 어떻게 이해하고 그것에 기여하는 어떤 방식으로 접근하여 인간 향상을 위해 어떤 이해를 지니고 있는지 양자의 이해를 비교한다. 이러한 논의를 통해 본 논문은 결론적으로 그리스도인은 트랜스휴머니즘의 기본 원칙을 전면적으로 수용할 수 없다. 그러나 기독교 인간론은 하나님 형상(imago Dei)으로 창조된 인간의 안녕에 기여할 수 있는 인간향상기술을 일정한 한계 조건 안에서 수용될 수 있음을 말한다.

Abstract

This paper explores the possibilities and limitations of whether human enhancement technologies as advocated by transhumanists are compatible with Christianity. Under the term transhumanism, we understand an ideology striving to enhance the human body in the pursuit of “posthumanism” by means of bioengineering. The text strives to compare transhumanism and Christianity by contrasting the general propositions of transhumanism against the Christian understanding of the human (as being made in His Image), by questioning whether there is a common essence of all humankind, and in the case that there exists a fundamental property only found within man, by examining how such a property is understood in transhumanism and Christianity and how such understanding affects how these theories each describe and contribute to human flourishing. It is argued conclusively that the Christian cannot accept transhumanism in its entirety. However, it is recognized that the Christian theory of man could embrace human enhancement technologies to the extent that such is able to contribute to the integrity of the created man in His Image(imago Dei).

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