日省錄 刑獄類에 나타난 死罪 기록의 고찰

Abstract

King Jeongjo(正祖) of the Choseon Dynasty ordered through review and record of Ogan(獄案), enforcement of Geomhumsamok(檢驗事目) regulation and Goolgumbup (掘檢法), and compilation of various kinds of legislation data, for the purpose of careful punishment, which showed that he made efforts for the improved penal administration, as well as rituals and music. His commitment of this kind caused Hyeongokryu(刑獄類: records of light punishments imposed on officials and examinations and judgments on all criminals nationwide) recorded in Ilseongrok(日省錄:King’s diary of the Choseon Dynasty). He made a series of works on penal administration recorded in Hyeongokryu of Ilseongrok so as to help future generations consult. Characteristics of Hyeongokryu in Ilseongrok as data for criminal research are as follows; first, Ilseongrok contains more Hyeongokryu than any other historical record in the late Choseon Dynasty and have a clear time sequence of nationwide pattern of crimes and research materials. Second, records in Ilseongrok reflect crimes from the 18th through 19th century sufficiently, with abundant contents. Hyeongokryu in Ilseongrok describes fully what Ogan wrote about criminals, making it possible to find statements of those concerned with crimes, which are missing in Shimnirok(審理錄: judicial reports) and Choojogyeolokrok(秋曹決獄錄). These characteristics imply that Ilseongrok is the primary source necessarily to refer to for studies on criminal affairs during the 18th through 19th century and it is a useful data to examine periodic situations and regional characteristics of crimes, and lives of people, by quantifying types and occurrences of crimes.