기후변화의 도전: 미국의 K-12교육과 기후변화 정책
Challenges of Climate Change: United States’ K-12 Education and Its Policy on Climate Change
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초록
요 약 : 본연구의 목적은 정책이 어떻게 교육에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 기후변화라는 주제를 가지고 미국의 예를 들어 살펴보았다. 한 나라가 기후변화와 같은 중대한 이슈의 도전을 받으면, 정책을 세우게 되고, 그 정책은 유치원에서 고등학교까지의 교육에 영향을 미친다. 또한 정책은 가르치는 일(프로그램, 연수내용), 교육과정, 학생들의 학습(생각과 아이디어)에 영향을 미친다. 이 연구는 미국환경보호국이 어떤 정책을 내세우고, 기후변화에 대한 심각성을 어떻게 인식하고 있는지 소개하며. 미시간주의 교육과정을 통하여 미국에서 진행되고 있는 기후변화의 현재교육을 설명한다. 더 나아가 이 연구는 기후변화주제가 어떻게 STEM과 연계되어 가르쳐지고 있는지 살펴보았고, 마지막으로 미국의 예와 교훈이 한국의 기후변화교육의 향상방안제시와 시사점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study explores how a government policy impacts an education about a topic of climate change in the United States. When a country faces a big issue to work on as climate change, the government launches a policy that moves into K-12 education by impacting teaching practices (program; training), curriculum, and students’ learning (thoughts; ideas) both at the state and school district local levels. This study starts with an introduction of how the U.S. environmental protection agency acknowledges the seriousness of climate change followed by the policy the government imposed on. Then, the study explains the current education of climate change ongoing in the U.S. with an example of Michigan curriculum of high school. In addition, the U.S. secondary students’ literacy of climate change was reported in this study. Furthermore, this study discusses on how the topic is taught in conjunction with Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Finally, the example and lesson learned of the U.S. suggest ways and implications for an improved education in Korean K-12 climate education.
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