탈냉전기 북중동맹의 결속력 변화 연구
A Study on Change of Sino-DPRK Alliance Cohesiveness in the Post-Cold War Era
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Sino-DPRK has been in an alliance with China as the blood alliance since 1961. But after the end of the Cold War, the relation between China and DPRK has shown signs that it is deteriorating. Besides, DPRK launched some missiles and carried out a nuclear test in 2006. That made the time-honored alliance between Beijing and Pyongyang seemed doubtful and many articles were published on this issue. Researching those articles, I found those arguments were not claimed based on the theory but cited simple facts. Also that made readers are confused by what meant 'weakening alliance'. In this article, I tried to make a guide line to judge weakening/strengthening of alliances. For the purpose of that, I defined the weakening/strengthening of alliances as 'alliance cohensiveness', and tried to find out factors to test 'alliance cohensiveness' through theoretical research. Researching great scholars of alliance study, I settled five factors which are 'Institutionalization of alliance', 'policy coordination on common enemy', 'commitment of national leader on alliance', 'domestic public opinion', and 'military cooperation' to test ’alliance cohensiveness'. I applied them to the Sino-DPRK alliance during the Cold War era. And then I compared it with the post Cold War era. As a result, I found that the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness has been deteriorating and DPRK has been undergoing the Secondary alliance dilemma. I think the reasons why the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness is weakened are these the ideological weakening since the end of the Cold War, the South Korea-China amity in 1992, the change of Chinese leadership by Hu Jintao, and provocations of DPRK. The relation of Sino-DPRK is not the blood alliance anymore. That is just 'normal' like relation between a state and a state. But the weakening of the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness does not mean abrogation of treaty which contains automatic military engagement article. That is because the interests from enduring alliance could be much higher than the interests from collapsing. And the amount of weakening can't be estimated correctly. In this study, I proposed five factors which can judge the alliance cohensiveness and applied them to the Sino-DPRK alliance. The implication of this study is that these factors can be applied to the Korea-U.S. alliance or the U.S.-Japan alliance which are important alliances for Korean security. However, the limitations of this study are there's no object standard of 'alliance weakening to collapse' and there's no weight in the five factors. If these limitations are conquered, this study will be a useful tool for studying change of alliance cohesiveness.
Abstract
Sino-DPRK has been in an alliance with China as the blood alliance since 1961. But after the end of the Cold War, the relation between China and DPRK has shown signs that it is deteriorating. Besides, DPRK launched some missiles and carried out a nuclear test in 2006. That made the time-honored alliance between Beijing and Pyongyang seemed doubtful and many articles were published on this issue. Researching those articles, I found those arguments were not claimed based on the theory but cited simple facts. Also that made readers are confused by what meant 'weakening alliance'. In this article, I tried to make a guide line to judge weakening/strengthening of alliances. For the purpose of that, I defined the weakening/strengthening of alliances as 'alliance cohensiveness', and tried to find out factors to test 'alliance cohensiveness' through theoretical research. Researching great scholars of alliance study, I settled five factors which are 'Institutionalization of alliance', 'policy coordination on common enemy', 'commitment of national leader on alliance', 'domestic public opinion', and 'military cooperation' to test ’alliance cohensiveness'. I applied them to the Sino-DPRK alliance during the Cold War era. And then I compared it with the post Cold War era. As a result, I found that the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness has been deteriorating and DPRK has been undergoing the Secondary alliance dilemma. I think the reasons why the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness is weakened are these the ideological weakening since the end of the Cold War, the South Korea-China amity in 1992, the change of Chinese leadership by Hu Jintao, and provocations of DPRK. The relation of Sino-DPRK is not the blood alliance anymore. That is just 'normal' like relation between a state and a state. But the weakening of the Sino-DPRK alliance cohensiveness does not mean abrogation of treaty which contains automatic military engagement article. That is because the interests from enduring alliance could be much higher than the interests from collapsing. And the amount of weakening can't be estimated correctly. In this study, I proposed five factors which can judge the alliance cohensiveness and applied them to the Sino-DPRK alliance. The implication of this study is that these factors can be applied to the Korea-U.S. alliance or the U.S.-Japan alliance which are important alliances for Korean security. However, the limitations of this study are there's no object standard of 'alliance weakening to collapse' and there's no weight in the five factors. If these limitations are conquered, this study will be a useful tool for studying change of alliance cohesiveness.
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- "朝鮮新報", ~
- "조선일보", ~
- "조선중앙방송", ~
- "중앙일보", ~
- "解放軍報", ~
