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베트남전 제대군인의 전투 경험이 PTSD 증상에 미치는 영향: 4개 스트레스 가설 검증을 중심으로

The effects of combat exposure on PTSD symptoms among Korean Vietnam War Veterans: Tests of four stress hypotheses

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초록

전투 노출은 노년기의 외상후 스트레스 장애에 오랜 시간동안 영향을 미친다. 그러나 베트남전 제대군인에 대한 전쟁 전, 전쟁 중, 전쟁 후 요인의 영향에 대해서는 알려진 바가 많지 않다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 전쟁 전, 중, 후 요인과 노년기의 외상후 스트레스와의 관계를 알아보기 위해 4개의 스트레스 가설을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 설문은 2013년에 실시되었으며, 연구 대상자는 450명의 남성 제대군인이다(평균연령=66.98, 표준편차=3.04). 위계적 회귀분석 결과에 따르면, 아동기의 가정환경, 전투 노출, 복귀 후의 스트레스 생활 사건과 사회적 지지가 외상후 스트레스 장애와 유의한 관련성을 나타냈다. 이는 전쟁 전, 중, 후 요인이 각각 독립적으로 노년기의 외상후 스트레스 장애를 예측함을 의미한다. 추가적으로, 전투 노출은 아동기의 입대전 생활사건과 가정환경이 외상후 스트레스장애에 미치는 영향을 조절하였다. 이러한 결과들은, 전투 노출 제대군인에 대한 개입에 있어서 전투 노출뿐만 아니라 전쟁 전, 후 요인도 함께 고려되어야 함을 시사한다.

Abstract

Combat exposure have a long-term effect on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in later life. However, little is known about the impacts of prewar, warzone, and postwar factors on PTSD among Korean Vietnam War veterans. Thus, we examined four different stress hypotheses to establish relationships between prewar, warzone, and postwar factors and PTSD in later life. The data was collected in 2013 and the sample included 450 male Korean veterans(M=66.98, SD=3.04). Results from hierarchical analyses showed that childhood family environment, combat exposure, stressful life events, and social support were significantly associated with PTSD, suggesting that each prewar, worzone, and postwar factor independently predict PTSD in later life. In addition, combat exposure moderated the effects of childhood stressors and childhood family environment on PTSD. Thus, these results imply that intervention for combat veterans should include prewar and postwar factors as well as combat exposure.

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