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기업에서 여성 리더십의 결정요인 - 남아시아 국가들의 중소기업을 중심으로 -

Determinants of Female Leadership in Small and Medium Size Enterprises in South Asian Countries

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구에서는 남아시아 5개국인 방글라데시, 파키스탄, 네팔, 부탄, 인도의 중소기업에서 여성리더십에 영향을 주는 요인들을 살펴보고자 하였다. 표본은 세계은행의 기업설문 데이터베이스로부터 추출한 7,340개의 남아시아 5개국의 제조기업이다. 연구모형에서 종속변수는 기업의 최고관리자의 젠더가 여성인지의 여부이고 관심변수는 남아시아 5개국의 중소기업에서 여성 리더십에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들로 구성되어 있다. 종속변수가 더미변수이므로 로짓 회귀식이 사용되었다. 실증분석 결과, 남아시아 5개국의 중소기업에서 여성이 소유주인 경우와 여성직원의 비율이 높은 경우에 양의 방향으로 여성 리더십에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고 다른 요인들은 여성 리더십에 유의한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 논문의 발견은 남아시아 국가에서 제조활동을 하는 중소기업들에서 여성 리더십의 결정요인데 대한 실증증거를 제시한다는 점에서 공헌점이 있다.

Abstract

This study aims to find factors that influence the occurrence of female leadership in small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in five South Asian countries: Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and India. The sample consists of 7,340 manufacturing firms collected from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES). The dependent variable indicates whether the top manager is female while the test variables are ownership structure, industry technological level, and other potential determinants which can affect female leadership of SMEs in South Asian countries. Since the dependent variable is an indicator variable, the logistics regression is used. The results show that female ownership and high percentage of female workers have a positive and significant association with female leadership in South Asian SMEs, while other factors do not exhibit a statistically significant relation. This study makes a contribution to the current related literature by providing empirical evidence on determinants of fermal leadership in SMEs in South Asian countries.

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