1950, 1960년대 타이완문학의 경향과 미국원조문화와의 상관성

Abstract

This paper investigates the relationship between changes in Taiwanese literature and United States aid, which was a product of the Cold War, through an analysis of six literary magazines. The changes in Taiwanese literature in the 1950s and the 1960s show the process from anti-communism literature to an embrace of western literature, especially English and American modernist literature. The paper is organized in to three sections. The first section focuses on the representative literary magazines 『文藝創作』 and 『半月文藝』 in the anti -communism literary circle in the 1950s, showing their correlation to American aid culture, and then investigates the intentions behind their import. The second section concentrates on two popular magazines in Taiwan, 『今日世界』 and 『大學生活』, which were published by an American press that was in charge of the United States aid culture, and studies these magazines for modernity and major streams of modern literature and for the impact on Taiwanese cultural circles. Throughout the paper it is shown that changes in Taiwanese literature in the 1950s and the 1960s very much correlated with American aid. In the Cold War period, American value marking as anti-communist and modern was the essence of the United States aid culture. However, from the change we can see that the United States aid culture, which mainly played a strong role in anti-communism, gradually stood up against anti-communism and followed on a path to modernity. Given this result, the study of the changes in Taiwanese literature through American aid not only enables us to escape from the narrow understanding of the irrelevance between anti-communist literature and modern literature, it also helps us to construct the literary history of the period at a higher level. And it contributes to a broader understanding of Asian societies and literature during the Cold War.