고구려 벽화고분의 類型

Abstract

This study intends to clarify the types of Goguryeo mural tombs, which have been excavated up to date, by form of their structures and con-tents. The form of Goguryeo mural tombs can be categorized into “Dasil- boon (a burial site which is consisted of more than three rooms； I),”“Yi-sil-boon (a burial site which is consisted of two rooms：Ⅱ),” “Dan-sil-boon (a burial site consisted of one room：Ⅲ)”and “Teuksoo- boon (a burial site which has a particular structure or shape, thus cannot be defined as being consisted of rooms：Ⅳ)”in terms of struc-ture. And the form of Goguryeo mural tombs can be categorized into the“ characters and customs (Ⅰ),”“characters and customs and decorative patterns (Ⅱ),”“characters and customs and Sa-shin-do (Ⅲ),” “decorative patterns(Ⅳ),”“decorative patterns and Sa-shin-do (Ⅴ),” “Sa-shin-do (a painting depicting four gods who control four directions Ⅵ)”in terms of the contents of mural painting. By these terms, the structure and contents, we can also categorize them into several types：the typeⅠ-Ⅰ which is a combined form of Da-sil-boon (Ⅰ) and characters and customs (Ⅰ), the typeⅠ-Ⅱ which is a combined form of Da-sil-boon (Ⅰ) and characters and customs and decorative patterns (Ⅱ), the typeⅠ-Ⅲ a combined form of Da-sil-boon (Ⅰ) and characters and customs and Sa-shin-do (Ⅲ), the type Ⅱ-Ⅰ which is a combined form of Yi-sil-boon (Ⅱ) and characters and customs (Ⅰ), the type Ⅱ-Ⅱ which is a combined form of Yi-sil-boon (Ⅱ) and characters and customs and decorative patterns (Ⅱ), the type Ⅱ-Ⅲ which is a combined form of Yi-sil-boon (Ⅱ) and characters and customs and Sa-shin-do (Ⅲ), the type Ⅲ-Ⅰ which is a combined form of Dan-sil-boon (Ⅲ) and characters and customs (Ⅰ), the type Ⅲ-Ⅲ which is a combined form of Dan-sil-boon (Ⅲ) and characters and customs and Sa-shin-do (Ⅲ), the type Ⅲ-Ⅳ which is a combined form of Dan-sil-boon (Ⅲ) and decorative patterns (Ⅳ), the type Ⅲ-Ⅴ which is a combined form of Dan-sil-boon (Ⅲ) and decorative patterns and Sa-shin-do (Ⅴ), the type Ⅲ-Ⅵ which is a combined form of Dan-sil-boon (Ⅲ) and d Sa-shin-do (Ⅴ). And a particular type which is a combined form of Teuk-soo-boon and characters and customs (Ⅳ-Ⅰ), Teuk-soo-boon and characters and customs and decorative patterns (Ⅳ-Ⅱ). Meanwhile, seeing the structure of the burial chamber of Seoksil bongtoe-bun (A kind of a tomb that is portioned with stone and the rest part is piled-up by soil) we can find that seven Jeok-seok-chong (stone-filed tomb) are the type Ⅲ-A, Ⅲ-B, and Ⅱ-B. The Sanseong- ha No.725, San-seong-ha No.798, Woo-san-ha No.3319, San-seong-ha Jeol-cheon-jeong-myo are the Ⅲ-A types. The Woosan- ha No.1041, San-seong-ha No.1405 are the Ⅲ-B types. The San-seong-ha No.1408 is the Ⅱ-B type. Among these, the Sanseong- ha Jeol-cheon-jeong-myo, Woo-san-ha No.1041 and Woosan- ha No.3319 are identified having the characters and customs (Ⅰ) as their mural painting. This fact led us to suppose that other three tombs may have the characters and customs (Ⅰ) as their mural paint- ing. As a result, we can conclude that these stone-filed tombs can exist in both the type Ⅱ-Ⅰ and the type Ⅲ-Ⅲ.