고려의 고구려 계승과 고려-요 ‘종번(宗藩)’ 관계에 관한 중국학계의 인식

Abstract

Goryeo’s succeeding to Goguryeo has been considered as a natural premise in the world of Korean history. Although there was no specific and detailed demonstration about this matter, it was understood that the country name Goryeo indicated the fact, and was thought that the structure of Shilla·Later Baekje·Goryeo(Later Goguryeo-Taebong) after the Later Three Kingdoms was on the extension line of ancient Three Kingdoms. Therefore, Goryeo’s succeeding to Goguryeo was understood to be naturally revealed in the process of establishment and unification, northern territory expansion, and the revival movement of Goguryeo rather than the subject for complicated arguments. Around 2000s, the academic world of China aggressively proceeded with studies to incorporate Goguryeo into the history of China through ‘the Northeast Project’, and thus, there were many studies that criticize Goryeo and Goryeo’s succeeding to Goguryeo. One of logical contradictions of the claim that Goguryeo was a local regime of China is the existence of ‘Goryeo’. Furthermore, there was a need for explanation that the heritage after the fall of Goguryeo belonged to China instead of Goryeo. Recently, this is switched to an new theory about Goryeo’s succeeding to Goguryeo and Suzerain-vassal relations. The theory emphasizes the history from Gija Joseon to Goguryeo and Balhae, and positions Liao Dynasty as the territorial successor of Balhae, and furthermore as the successor of history. However, there’s still logical·historical limitation in structuralizing Song, Liao and Goryeo as ‘Suzerain-vassal relations’. That’s because the Tributary Appointment relationship between Goryeo and Liao should be explained while the traditional Chinese ‘historical identity’ of Song, which is the Han race dynasty, should be highly appraised. In the process, How Liao accepted and institutionalized the Confucian culture is investigated, and research with tendency of emphasizing the historical meaning of Liao Dynasty as the successor of China is done. Nevertheless, it seems that there will be continuous efforts to include the history after Goguryeo in that of China. For this, the academic world of Korea should discover research subjects about the relation between Goryeo and Lio, and Goryeo’s historical awareness as the most effective and definite countermeasure, and should continue researching history by proving through logical theories and historical materials while seeking new methodology.