원의 『제국신복전기(諸國臣服傳記)』와 고려의 역사 편찬

Abstract

The compilation of the contemporary history of late 13th century to early 14th century was an attempt to standardize the various characteristics of this historical period into one work in Goryeo Dynasty. As a consequence of this, however, the published historical record could not be preserved and transmitted in its original form, and there are limits to understanding its contents and nature. In view of this problem, this essay will examine the trend of the Yuan Dynasty’s compilation of historical works. Using this as a basis for comparison, it has attempted to examine the problems of the Goryeo Dynasty’s historical publications, while limiting its sphere to the November 1278 compilations of the History of the Goryeo Period(本國累朝事跡) and the contemporary history. These are related to the “Zhuguo-chenfu-chuanji(『諸國臣服傳記』)”, a historical work compiled in order to underscore the Yuan Dynasty’s great unification. One can confirm that the historical compilation of this work—created in response to Yuan Dynasty demands —went through a second extension and editing process for national benefit, actively stating the country’s viewpoint within the Goryeo Dynasty as well. The first result of the compilation of the Bonguk-nujo-sajeok(History of the Goryeo Period) was Jeong Gashin’s Cheonchu-gumgyeong-rok (『千秋金鏡錄』). In January of 1291, using this as the object of discussion, Kublai, the ruler of the Yuan Dynasty, together with the chief editor of the royal academy of history(『國史院』), met with the crown prince of the Goryeo Dynasty and his chief editor; as a result of the meeting, this work was once again re-edited into Min Ji’s Sedae-pyeonnyeon-jeolyo(『世代編年節要』). Also, in accordance with the needs of King Chungsonwang in regard to the Yuan academic faction’s side of the historical debate. The History of the Goryeo Period — stemming in its turn from “Zhuguo-chenfu-chuanji”—led to the works Cheonchu-gumgyeong-rok and Sedae-pyeonnyeon-jeolyo being published in this continuation of the records. During this process, the Goryeo Dynasty’s Annals was brought to the Yuan Dynasty, where it served as the basis for another historical debate, eventually being used in the compilation of the Yuan Dynasty’s Gaolizhi(『高麗志』). Due to the demand for the publication of a contemporary history, Won Bu’s Gogum-rok(『古今錄』) was completed, but the date of the Goryeo Dynasty’s return to the Yuan Dynasty fold was in dispute between the two kingdoms; thus, while the focus of the work is mainly on the Yuan Dynasty, the viewpoint of the Goryeo Dynasty was actively expressed as well. Related to this, starting in 1309, one year before Gojong’s posthumous epiphet, the Gojong-silrok was re-edited into the Chungheonwang-silrok. One can find a connection between the requests for the compilation of Cheonchu-gumgyeong-rok, Sedae-pyeonnyeon-jeolyo, and Gogum-rok during the reigns of King Chungryeolwang and King Chungsonwang and those for the November 1278 compilation of the History of the Goryeo Period and a contemporary history within the Yuan territory of Zhongshu Official. The Yuan Dynasty authorities actively inserted themselves into the compilation process and demanded that the works be re-edited to reflect their own viewpoint, following up these demands by attempting to confirm the results of the rewrites. With this, an active royal debate was unfolding in the Goryeo Dynasty regarding the publication of what was in its best interest. Examples of this can be found in the re-editing of sections dealing with the obstruction of the provincial incident as well as the murder of Mongolian diplomat.