진로상담의 성과준거에 관한 델파이 연구
A Delphi Study on the Outcome Criteria of Career Counseling
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본 연구의 목적은 진로상담 성과준거의 내용영역에 대한 전문가들의 합의를 도출하고, 내담자의 진로발달 과업수준에 따라 진로상담 성과준거의 상대적 중요도가 어떻게 다른지를 탐색하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 Whiston(2001)의 방식에 따라 진로상담 성과준거 내용에 대한 개념모형을 구축하고 5명의 전문가 면접조사와 26명의 현직 진로상담자를 대상으로 한 개방형 설문조사를 통해 진로상담 성과준거의 초안을 개발하였다. 또한, 성과준거의 내용타당성에 대한 전문가들의 합의를 도출하기 위하여 32명의 전문가 델파이 패널을 구성하였으며, 3회에 걸친 델파이조사를 통해 성과준거의 내용을 검토하고 수정하는 절차를 거쳤다. 최종 확정된 진로상담 성과준거의 각 요소들의 상대적 중요도를 평정하기 위하여 계층화분석법(AHP)을 통한 추가적인 델파이조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 총 3개 영역의 15개 진로상담 성과준거가 도출되었으며, 청소년 진로상담전문가들은 진로지식과 기술을 중요시하는 반면, 성인전문가들은 진로행동을 중요시하였다. 15개 성과준거의 상대적 가중치를 모두 고려하는 복합가중치에서는 세 집단 모두 ‘자기 이해 및 자신을 둘러싼 환경에 대한 이해 향상’이 1순위, ‘진로목표 실현을 위한 진로실행계획의 실천’이 2순위, ‘긍정적 자기개념 형성’이 3순위로 가중치를 평정하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 진로상담 성과준거들이 진로상담의 현장과 연구에 적용되기 위한 가능성에 대하여 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to derive agreements on the content domains of outcome criteria of career counseling from the career counseling professionals and to explore the relative significance of the outcome criteria that differ according to the career development tasks of clients. Based on the organizational schemes proposed by Whiston(2001), a conceptual model on the outcome criteria contents of career counseling was devised and drafts of criteria model were developed through five experts interviews and open-question survey from the 26 incumbent career counselors. Three-way delphi survey was performed for reviewing and revising the outcome criteria contents by 32 delphi panels. In addition, a Analytic Hierarchy Processing method was applied to rate the relative significance of the outcome criteria for three delphi panel subgroups (adolescent, college student, adult professionals). As results, three domains and 15 outcome criteria factors was developed. In addition, ‘increase in understanding of self and environments’ was rated as the most important outcome, ‘commitment to the career action planning’ was the second, and ‘shaping of positive self-concept’ was the third. Implications for career counseling and practice were discussed.
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