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작업동맹의 종단적 변화패턴과 상담성과

Longitudinal Change Patterns of Working Alliance and Counseling Outcome

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주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 상담과정 중에서 상담자와 내담자가 인식한 작업동맹의 변화패턴을 추정하고 상담자와 내담자가 인식한 작업동맹의 변화가 상담성과를 예측하는지에 대해 검증하였다. 이를 위해 상담자와 내담자 71쌍을 대상으로 내담자에게는 상담 1회기 시작 전, 8회기에 상담성과척도를 실시하도록 하였으며, 작업동맹의 변화패턴을 측정하기 위해 상담자와 내담자에게 1, 3, 5, 8회기에 작업동맹검사를 실시하도록 하였다. 분석방법은 잠재성장모형을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상담자가 인식한 작업동맹은 상담이 진행해 감에 따라 선형으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 내담자가 인식한 작업동맹은 초반에는 상승하다가 후반에는 완만해지는 이차 곡선형으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상담자가 인식한 작업동맹 초기치와 변화율은 상담성과를 유의하게 정적으로 예측하였다. 넷째, 내담자가 인식한 작업동맹 초기치는 상담성과를 유의하게 정적으로 예측했지만 변화율은 상담성과와 관계가 없었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 상담자와 내담자가 인식한 작업동맹의 변화패턴, 그리고 작업동맹과 상담성과 간의 관계를 선행연구들과 비교하여 논의하였으며, 마지막으로 추후 연구를 위한 제안점 및 한계점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study estimated the change pattern of working alliance perceived by the counselors and clients during the counseling process and verified whether the change of working alliance perceived by the counselors and clients predicted the counseling outcome. In this study, data were collected from 71 counselors/clients dyads, clients completed working alliance(WAI) after first, 3rd, 5th, 8th sessions and outcome measure(OQ-30) before first session and at the end of 8th session. Counselors completed working alliance(WAI) after first, 3rd, 5th, and 8th. For the analysis, Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) analysis was used. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, the counselors-rated working alliance increased linearly significantly for the course of sessions. Second, the clients-rated working alliance appeared to be quadratic pattern that rises in the early stages and gradually moderated in the latter stages. Third, both the initial status and the rate of change of counselors-rated working alliance significantly and positively predicted the counseling outcome. Fourth, the initial status of clients-rated working alliance significantly predicted the outcome however, the rate of change was not related to the counseling outcome. Based on the results of this study, change patterns of the working alliance perceived by clients and counselors and the correlation between the working alliance and counseling outcome were discussed. Finally, the implication for future research and limitation of this study were proposed.

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