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성인용 애착 척도 개발 및 타당화

Development and Validation of Adult Attachment Scale

김진숙|김은정
한국상담학회 (Korean Counseling Association (KCA))|2022.12|상담학연구 (Korea Journal of Counseling)|제23권 제6호|pp. 167-195|DOI 10.15703/kjc.23.6.202212.167

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참고문헌

키워드

신뢰도reliabilityvalidity타당도회피불안성인애착adult attachmentscale척도secureavoidant안정anxious비조직화disorganized
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 성인용 애착 척도를 개발하고 척도의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌 연구를 바탕으로 성인 애착의 구성개념과 이론적 모델을 구성했다. 이어서 문헌 고찰, 선행 개발 척도, 면담, 개방형 질문지 조사를 통해 179개의 초기 문항을 개발했고, 전문가 내용타당도 검증을 거쳐 167개 문항을 최종 예비문항으로 확정했다. 전국에 있는 성인을 대상으로 예비 연구를 실시하여 척도의 구성개념과 문항을 수렴했고, 본 조사를 통해 척도의 타당화 분석을 실시했다. 연구 결과 성인용 애착 척도는 안정(secure), 회피(avoidant), 불안(anxious), 비조직화(disorganized)의 4요인으로 구성됐고, 각 요인은 6문항씩을 포함했다. 본 연구에서 개발한 척도는 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석, 수렴 및 변별타당도, 준거타당도, 교차타당도 결과에서 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개발한 척도는 내적일관성 신뢰도와 4주간의 검사-재검사 신뢰도 분석에서 안정적이고 일관성 있는 측정도구로 확인됐다. 성인용 애착 척도는 안정과 비조직화 애착 양식을 포함한 연속형 성인애착 척도라는 점에서 의의가 있으므로 보다 다양한 성인의 애착 양식을 측정하는 데 기여할 것이다.

Abstract

This study is to develop Adult Attachment Scale and to identify reliability and validity for the scale. For this purpose, the concepts and theoretical model of adult attachment were constructed through literature review. 179 initial items were developed based on the literature review, precedent development scale, interviews, and open-ended questionaries. Initial items were revised through content validation test by experts panel and finalized as 167 items. In addition, a pilot test was conducted to converge the constructs and items of the scale, and the Adult Attachment Scale was analyzed for validity and reliability through the final test. As a result, the Adult Attachment Scale includes 4 sub-scales (secure, avoidant, anxious, disorganized), each factor scale consists of 6 items. The Adult Attachment Scale was found acceptable as an assessment instrument in the results of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergence and discriminant validity, criterion validity, cross validity. The reliability of the Adult Attachment Scale was identified to be stable and consistent through the analysis of the internal consistency reliability and the 4-week test-retest reliability. Adult Attachment Scale is meaningful in that it is a continuous scale that includes secure and disorganized attachment styles, so it will contribute to assessing more diverse attachment styles among adults.

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