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명상기반 만다라모래치료 적용에 대한 연구: PTSD환자의 불안과 우울 감소에 미치는 효과

A Study on the application of meditation–based mandala sandtherapy

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본 연구는 불의의 사고로 입원 후 통원 치료 중인 산업재해환자들 중 외상후 스트레스 증후군( PTSD)으로 진단받은 성인남성 12명을 대상으로 10회기의 ‘명상기반 만다라모래치료’를 실시하고 PTSD환자들의 주요 증상인 불안과 우울의 감소를 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 그 결과를 통해 명상기반 만다라 모래치료프로그램의 프로그램 효과성과 적용성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 본 프로그램의 대상자는 병원에서 PTSD진단을 받고 약물치료에 의뢰된 산업재해 환자들로서 신체활동이 용이하고, 간이정신상태 검사를 통해 인지적 수준이 정상이며, 다차원심리검사에서 불안 수준 70점 이상, K-DACL 검사에서 우울 수준 21점 이상으로 결과 된 12명이다. 이들은 실험집단 6명, 통제집단 6명으로 동질성 검정 후 무선 배치되었으며, 주1회, 회기당 90분으로 구조화된 명상기반 만다라모래치료가 검사회기 2회, 치료회기 8회의 총 10회기로 설계, 실시되었고, 자료분석은 각 집단별로 불안과 우울의 사전-사후 검사를 분류 채점한 후 윌콕슨검정을 통해 집단별 불안과 우울의 감소 정도를 양적분석 비교하고 이를 회기별로 질적 분석하였다. 연구결과 명상기반 만다라 모래치료 프로그램은 실험 집단과 집단원의 불안과 우울에서 공통적으로 유의미한 감소를 나타내어 PTSD환자들의 심리재활에 만다라 모래치료 프로그램의 치료적 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본연구는 PTSD환자들의 불안, 우울 감소에 명상기반 만다라 모래치료의 효과가 높음을 증명함과 함께 명상과 만다라의 치료적 요소를 구조화된 모래치료 프로그램를 통해 치료적으로 적용하므로서 불교 심리치료의 형태적 범주와 적용을 확대하고 만다라 모래치료의 적용성과 일반화를 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다.

Abstract

This study was conducted in order to prove to decrease the level of anxiety and depression, which are the primary symptoms of PTSD, by using the“Mandala-Sand-therapy Program based on Meditation”. Furthermore, I tried to examine effectiveness and generalization of Mandala-Sand-therapy Program based on Meditation from this experiment’s result. The 12 participants for this study were outpatients who were diagnosed with PTSD caused by an industrial accident. Their physical activity degree and cognitive level were normal. However, they scored 70 or higher on Multidimensional Psychological Test (MPT) and 21 or higher on K-DACL Test. 6 participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group, respectively. This experiment consisted of 2 test sessions and 8 therapy sessions, total 10 sessions, and each session comprised for 90 minutes once a week. We measured pre and post anxiety and depression level of each group, and using t-test & Wilcoxon signed-rank test, I analyzed the data quantitatively and qualitatively. This study found a statistically significant decrease in both anxiety and depression level of injured workers those who diagnosed as PTSD, and it suggests Mandala-Sand-therapy Program based on Meditation is quite effective for PTSD patients. Combined meditation which is traditional Buddhism performance tool with structured Sand-therapy, it paves the way for broadening Buddhism psychotherapy and generalizing Mandala-Sand-Therapy as one of psychotherapies.

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