王弼의 玄學思想과 그 功過
Xuan Xue(玄學) Philosophy of Wang Bi(王弼) and its Meritorious Parts and Negligence
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Wang Bi(王弼) is one of the greatest philosophers throughout the Chinese history. Though he lived a very short life up to 24 years, he became the founder of Wei-Jin Xuan Xue(魏晉玄學). He wrote a lot of masterpieces like Laozizhu(老子注) and played an important role between the Han dynasty and the Wei-Jin dynasty. His Xuan Xue(玄學) is the philosophy about the origin and the root of the universe. To discuss this subject, he explained that Wu(無) is the starting point and the basis of all concepts He thought the noumenon(本體) which didn't have any name or form was more fundamental than the phenomenon which had the name and the form. Wang Bi(王弼) arranged his philosophy as the concept of chong ben xi mo(崇本息末). Ben(本) means wu(無) and noumenon of universe. Mo(末) indicates you(有) and the existing state of things. Wang Bi(王弼) expressed his opinion about the concept of a saint on the basis of wu(無). He thought a saint is a person who apprehends the truth about wu(無). This is the philosophy which unites Confucianism and Taoism. Wang Bi(王弼) considered wu wei er zhi(無爲而治) as the ideal politics. He put emphasis on wu wei(無爲), but objected artificiality. However, there was a gap between Wang Bi(王弼)'s ideal politics and the popular thought of his time. Therefore, there was the limitation to make his thought come true at that time. Some people say that his idea was splendid, whereas others think his opinion was not appropriate. His idea is highly appreciated in a historical point of view, but strongly criticized politically, socially and philosophically. The fusion which Wang bi(王弼) pursued by uniting Confucianism and Taoism, remains for us in this age and the future. We should learn his philosophy in light of opposing exclusivism, but pursuing comprehension and rationalism by criticizing excessive artificiality.
Abstract
Wang Bi(王弼) is one of the greatest philosophers throughout the Chinese history. Though he lived a very short life up to 24 years, he became the founder of Wei-Jin Xuan Xue(魏晉玄學). He wrote a lot of masterpieces like Laozizhu(老子注) and played an important role between the Han dynasty and the Wei-Jin dynasty. His Xuan Xue(玄學) is the philosophy about the origin and the root of the universe. To discuss this subject, he explained that Wu(無) is the starting point and the basis of all concepts He thought the noumenon(本體) which didn't have any name or form was more fundamental than the phenomenon which had the name and the form. Wang Bi(王弼) arranged his philosophy as the concept of chong ben xi mo(崇本息末). Ben(本) means wu(無) and noumenon of universe. Mo(末) indicates you(有) and the existing state of things. Wang Bi(王弼) expressed his opinion about the concept of a saint on the basis of wu(無). He thought a saint is a person who apprehends the truth about wu(無). This is the philosophy which unites Confucianism and Taoism. Wang Bi(王弼) considered wu wei er zhi(無爲而治) as the ideal politics. He put emphasis on wu wei(無爲), but objected artificiality. However, there was a gap between Wang Bi(王弼)'s ideal politics and the popular thought of his time. Therefore, there was the limitation to make his thought come true at that time. Some people say that his idea was splendid, whereas others think his opinion was not appropriate. His idea is highly appreciated in a historical point of view, but strongly criticized politically, socially and philosophically. The fusion which Wang bi(王弼) pursued by uniting Confucianism and Taoism, remains for us in this age and the future. We should learn his philosophy in light of opposing exclusivism, but pursuing comprehension and rationalism by criticizing excessive artificiality.
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