조선후기 대일외교창구 관련 「실무문서」의 수량과 수록실태 -『分類紀事大綱』의 수록문서를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The interpreter(Yang-yok) for Japanese dispatched to Dongraebu had a very crucial role of negotiation not only for Chosun, but also for Tsushima domain because both of countries had communication with each other through the Japanese Embassy in Dongraebu. Whenever the negotiations were driven to the wall, the Japanese Embassy tended to depend on the interpreter(Yang-yok), asking him a variety of information from to confirm a simple fact to know whether or not the governor had reported to a king. The official documents of Tsushima domain, Bunryugisadaegang(分類紀事大綱), related to the interpreter(Yang-yok) in this paper were generated by the interpreter dispatched to Dongraebu in the process of the negotiation with the Japanese Embassy. This paper comes to below conclusions as a result of analyzing the volume, writers, actual condition, characteristics, and etc. First, the number of practical documents about 121 issues delivered or generated by officers was over 300 in the negotiation through Dongraebu. Although diplomatic official documents were not written in many cases, the diplomatic issues were settled only with not official documents but practical ones such as order(전령문서), memorandum(覺). Second, as characteristics or needs of the issues, the governor of Dongrae or the interpreter(Yang-yok) was attempt to have communication with the Japanese Embassy on their own by sending simple but polite letters to the Japanese Embassy. Third, this paper focuses on the ability of the interpreter Yang-yok to deal with documents as a staff in charge of a negotiation. With rough calculation that the number of average documents made by a Yang-yok(Hundo) who worked at Dongraebu for 30 months was 11, this paper defines the role of the interpreter(Yang-yok) not as a simple interpreter for Japanese, but as a professional diplomat who has good skills in Chinese literature, paper work, and diplomatic discernment. Lastly, in this paper, the fundamental difference between practical documents such as memorandum(「覺」)･message(「短簡」)･order(「전령」) and official diplomatic documents(Seogae) is determined by the differences of the scope and the authority in reporting and reading the documents. Therefore, practical documents were not ones which must be gone through the official administration process and reported to Tsushima domain by the Japanese Embassy. On the other hand, Iteiang(以酊庵) had the authority given by the central government, Bakufu, in order to check the documents which Tsushima domain received and sent. So it also checked the practical documents sent by Dongraebu, but the documents were not copied and kept. However, Iteiang(이테이앙) copied and kept the documents as well as checked about the official diplomatic documents, Seogae. In addition, the copies of the official documents must be sent to Edo Bakufu by Edo feudal clan(번저) of Tsushima domain. Thus, according to above results, I am able to assert that the practical documents delivered to the Japanese Embassy by Dongraebu did not mean the promise, but simple documents the staffs in charge of a negotiation expressed in order to make a negotiation easier. Moreover, the practical documents were not official diplomatic documents that must be reported to the Japanese central government, Bakufu. Consequently, in the essential sense, the practical document was just a reference or information to build the strategy of Tsushima domain against Chosun even though it was roughly included in diplomatic documents because it had influence on the strategy of Tsushima domain.