17～19세기 부산 왜관의 開市와 朝市

Abstract

The economic relationship centered on the Waegwan was conducted with a focus on the open market within the Waegwan and the morning parket outside the Waegwan. The open market was a form of trade that was carried out six times a month, that is, the 3rd, 8th, 13th, 18th, 23rd, and 28th. The open market was conducted at a particular place, which was the open market hall. Trade was carried out not in a closed room but a open hall. The open market was called open market trade or private trade. Joseon traders that were acknowledged to have qualifications to do open market trade were called Dongrae merchants. Chinese raw silk or high-quality silk, Josen ginseng, and Japanese silver were mainly dealed during the open market. The morning market was opened everyday in the open in front of the Waegwan entrance. Only small amounts of daily necessities like rice, fish, vegetables, and fruit were dealt during the morning market. The people selling goods in the morning market were normal people who lived in the Joseon villages around the Waegwan. The open market and the morning market were economic activities that differed in characteristic from many perspectives including time, space, main agent, and product. However, as the open market gradually declined and the morning market became revived, the boundary between the two collapsed. The morning market changed from selling everyday-use sundry goods to a large scale grain market. Even the merchants participating in the morning market changed gradually to full-time merchants. The number of merchants participating in the morning market who entered into the Waegwan to do commerce increased. As regular merchants like peddlers secured space for legal commerce within the Waegwan, they were apportioned some of the privileges of the open market merchants. The main agents of the open market and the morning market who were divided inside and outside the market coexisted within the Waegwan. The open market and morning market are important topics that help understand not just the economic activities of merchants of both countries that were conducted in the Waegwan, but also the daily lives of residents living around the Waegwan.