‘租界’와 ‘居留地’ 사이－개항장 부산의 일본인 거주지를 둘러싼 조선과 일본의 입장 차이와 의미－

Abstract

Joseon and Japan showed differences in their positions around the opening of Busan and the Japanese residence to be installed at the port. First, Joseon and Japan used foreign residents to be installed at the port of opening as ‘Concession’ and ‘Settlement’. In the official Joseon treaty, the name ‘Concession’ has been used consistently. The treaty of foreign residence in Wonsan and Masan, in which the term ‘Settlement’ was used without using the term ‘Concession’,was a Japanese term, not a term used in Joseon. Second, the use of the terms of ‘Concession’ and ‘Settlement’ was not a difference in simple translation, but a difference in personality. It was not by the compulsion of the negotiating country Japan that Joseon insisted and carried out the ‘Concession’ setting of the Concession method. It was a measure to oppose, limit and defend free residence and trade pursued by a Japanese ‘Settlement’ of the settlement method. Third, Japan established a ‘Settlement’ on a continuous line with the Waegwan (倭館) and tried to expand it to a modern, free residential commercial area. On the other hand, Joseon actively succeeded the Waegwan, which could limit residence and trade freedom, and set it as a 'Concession'. Joseon used the Waegwan as a measure against Japanese colonialism. Finally, the Joseon government established ‘the Busan Port Concession’ to set up and prevent boundaries, and then worked on establishing the Police Station and the Superintendent Office in response to the monopoly and expansion of the Japanese residence, and to be a concession of the nations. Nevertheless, Japan first organized the interior of the concession, and then it invaded the land from outside the concession and legislated it. Furthermore, the concession was closed due to the Russo-Japanese War, the colonialization of Joseon, and the establishment of the Busan Isacheong (釜山理事廳) in 1906.From this time on, the term ‘Concession’ has disappeared and the 'all-round Settlement' was formulated.