17, 18세기 영시의 풍자 전통

Abstract

This essay is designed to examine what the two satiric traditions in English poetry are and how they form the mainstream of English satiric traditions, and to examine the nature of satire as a literary mode.English satiric traditions are divided into the Horatian tradition and the Juvenalian tradition. Juvenalian satire regards the nature of satire as invective and is full of direct blame, so it is called savage satire. Horatian satire focuses on laughter, uses irony and dialogue form as its devices, so it is called laughing satire. The Elizabethan era was dominated by the tradition of Juvenal, which was harsh and savage. In the Augustan period, however, poets believed that good satire was milder and gentler, and thought that Horatian satire, which told the truth with laughter, was the best model for writing satire. For example, The Rape of the Lock was written in the mode of Horatian satire. Pope continued to imitate Horatian satire in the 1730s. In his later satires, however, Pope ‘Juvenalized’ Horace in imitating his poems. In fact, we can say that the 18th-century English satire combined Horatian satire and Juvenalian satire, even though it changed from comic to harsh satire.In conclusion, this combination of Horatian satire and Juvenalian satire tells that attack, morality and laughter compose the satiric vision, and that a careful fusing of all three elements is necessary for successful satire.