정치적 풍자시: 포프의 아우구스투스에게
Political Satire: Pope's "To Augustus"
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This article aims to read Pope's "To Augustus" as political satire that attacks George II and Walpole's government. This poem was written to oppose George's pro-Whig policy and Walpole's corrupt government. Pope thought that Walpole backed up the moneyed class, denied the landed class their rights in governing the country, and ruled England by means of bribery and corrupt policy. George II was thought to encourage Walpole's corrupt policies instead of playing the role of a unified monarch. In "To Augustus", therefore, Pope dared to point the rapier of ironic ridicule against the King. Pope employed Horace's Augustus as an example of monarch who became the norm of political leadership and patronized literature wisely, and by means of this example he judged George. The norm of Augustus deepened and validated the irony Pope directed at George. By writing this political satire, Pope wanted to be instrumental to collapsing both George's political power and Walpole's government. In conclusion, Pope played the role of literary arm of Opposition and tried to attack the King in order to expose the corrupt political systems of England. Finally, he wanted to form the Tory government by toppling Walpole's government.
Abstract
This article aims to read Pope's "To Augustus" as political satire that attacks George II and Walpole's government. This poem was written to oppose George's pro-Whig policy and Walpole's corrupt government. Pope thought that Walpole backed up the moneyed class, denied the landed class their rights in governing the country, and ruled England by means of bribery and corrupt policy. George II was thought to encourage Walpole's corrupt policies instead of playing the role of a unified monarch. In "To Augustus", therefore, Pope dared to point the rapier of ironic ridicule against the King. Pope employed Horace's Augustus as an example of monarch who became the norm of political leadership and patronized literature wisely, and by means of this example he judged George. The norm of Augustus deepened and validated the irony Pope directed at George. By writing this political satire, Pope wanted to be instrumental to collapsing both George's political power and Walpole's government. In conclusion, Pope played the role of literary arm of Opposition and tried to attack the King in order to expose the corrupt political systems of England. Finally, he wanted to form the Tory government by toppling Walpole's government.
참고문헌 (15)
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- "The Complete Critical Guide to Alexander Pope" (2000), London: Routledge
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- "Howard. The Augustan Idea in English Literature. London" (1983)
- "Poetry of Opposition and Revolution: Dryden to Wordsworth" (1996), Oxford: Clarendon
- "Jacob. Reading Pope's Imitations of Horace. London" (1989)
- "James. D. Dryden and the Tradition of Panegyric. Berkeley U of California P" (1975)
- "Christine. The Patriot Opposition to Walpole" (1994)
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- "The Twickenham Edition of the Poems of Alexander Pope. Ed. John Butt" (1939)
- "Isabel. The Poetry of Conservatism. Cambridge" (1973)
- "Studies in Imitation. Cambridge" (1985)
- "Howard D. Augustus Caesar in Augustan England The Decline of a Classical Norm. Princeton", Princeton UP. 1978.Political Satire