드라이든의 「맥 플레크노」에 나타난 풍자성: 사적 만족과 정치적 공격의 양날 검
Satire in Dryden's “Mac Flecknoe”: A Double-edged Weapon of Private Satisfaction and Political Attack
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In an age of turbulent transition from the Restoration to the Glorious Revolution, Dryden's satire reflects the socio-political milieu of the time. Through his satire Dryden deals with political controversies of the day, taking the side of Stuart monarchy and the court party, the Tories. It is usually said that “Mac Flecknoe” was written for Dryden’s private satisfaction to ridicule his enemy in the literary world. The poem, however, is not free from the acute political discourse of the day and shows the author’s implicit political awareness. After being circulated in manuscript for several years, “Mac Flecknoe” was printed in 1682 with the subtitle 'A SATIRE UPON THE TRUE-BLUE-PROTESTANT POET, T. S.'. 'Protestant' implies the Whigs as an anti-monarchical party and the Whig poet Thomas Shadwell is the target for Dryden's satire. In this poem, Dryden tactfully mingles direct and indirect attacks on his target by using satiric styles of both Horace and Juvenal. In the poem Dryden uses the monarchy imagery of the succession to the throne, and the mock-epic satire to defend wit and the Tories against the invasion of witless and the Whigs. He skillfully juxtaposes travesties of Shadwell with the noblest in literature, state and christianity. Above all, his allusions from politics, classical warfare and the Bible are preeminent. In Dryden's “Mac Flecknoe”, satire becomes a double-edged weapon encompassing the author's own private satisfaction to ridicule his literary enemy and an implicit political attack on the anti-monarchal Whigs. His satiric style has an influence on the eighteenth century English satire. Especially, “Mac Flecknoe” is important as the essential model of Pope’s Dunciad.
Abstract
In an age of turbulent transition from the Restoration to the Glorious Revolution, Dryden's satire reflects the socio-political milieu of the time. Through his satire Dryden deals with political controversies of the day, taking the side of Stuart monarchy and the court party, the Tories. It is usually said that “Mac Flecknoe” was written for Dryden’s private satisfaction to ridicule his enemy in the literary world. The poem, however, is not free from the acute political discourse of the day and shows the author’s implicit political awareness. After being circulated in manuscript for several years, “Mac Flecknoe” was printed in 1682 with the subtitle 'A SATIRE UPON THE TRUE-BLUE-PROTESTANT POET, T. S.'. 'Protestant' implies the Whigs as an anti-monarchical party and the Whig poet Thomas Shadwell is the target for Dryden's satire. In this poem, Dryden tactfully mingles direct and indirect attacks on his target by using satiric styles of both Horace and Juvenal. In the poem Dryden uses the monarchy imagery of the succession to the throne, and the mock-epic satire to defend wit and the Tories against the invasion of witless and the Whigs. He skillfully juxtaposes travesties of Shadwell with the noblest in literature, state and christianity. Above all, his allusions from politics, classical warfare and the Bible are preeminent. In Dryden's “Mac Flecknoe”, satire becomes a double-edged weapon encompassing the author's own private satisfaction to ridicule his literary enemy and an implicit political attack on the anti-monarchal Whigs. His satiric style has an influence on the eighteenth century English satire. Especially, “Mac Flecknoe” is important as the essential model of Pope’s Dunciad.
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