WTO SCM(보조금 및 상계조치에 관한 협정) 측면에서 본 우리나라 단기수출보험제도의 정합성

Abstract

WTO, which began operation on January 1, 1995, has an SCM (Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures) as part of the WTO Convention Annex 1A. As the United States, Europe, and Japan also operate public Export Credit Agencies(ECA), Korea Export Insurance is considered only acceptable indirect export support system under the WTO Agreements. However, if export insurance is recognized as an “export support system,” export insurance system may violate the WTO SCM. This paper is studying whether Korea's export insurance system, especially the short-term export insurance system, can be evaluated as a normal insurance system that does not correspond to subsidies under the WTO SCM. This paper examining the overall structure and contents of the WTO SCM, and analyze (j) and (k) in Annex 1 as subsidy types of the WTO SCM. The Korea Trade Insurance Corporation's short-term export insurance is interpreted as the export credit insurance program in (j) of Annex 1, WTO SCM. Therefore, it was necessary to evaluate whether the principle of balance of premiums was observed. However, the audit report of the Korea Trade Insurance Corporation did not clearly shows insurance program by program. So it was difficult to evaluate whether the principle of balance of income and expenditure of insurance premiums was observed by paperwork. In conclusion, this paper proposes the following two opinion. First, it would be necessary to account for net income for each insurance program of the Korea Trade Insurance Corporation, and to operate in compliance with the principle of balance of income for each insurance program and to prove it. Second, in order to eliminate the possibility of misunderstanding of government contributions, the legal structure of the Korea Trade Insurance Corporation is accounted for government contributions as capital, like the Korea Development Bank, etc., and regulate as a Corporation in the Korean Commercial Code.