한국과 BRICs의 협력과 경쟁
Cooperation and Competition between Korea and BRICs
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초록
강력한 시장 성장 가능성을 바탕으로 향후 경제 강국으로서 BRICs가 주목받고 있다. 이러한 BRICs의 급부상은 주춤하는 한국 경제의 현실과 맞물려 막연한 경계심을 불러일으키고 있다. 국가 간의 협력과 경쟁의 관계는 국가경쟁력 차원의 문제이고 이는 국가경쟁력을 구성하는 모든 요소를 포괄적으로 분석하여 판단해야 한다. 그러나 BRICs에 관한 기존 연구는 국가경쟁력의 일부 요소에만 초점을 맞추고 있어 이를 바탕으로 한 한국과 BRICs의 협력과 경쟁에 대한 분석 또한 한 쪽으로 치우칠 수 밖에 없다. 본 연구에서는 Porter(1990)의 다이아몬드 모델을 포괄적으로 발전시킨 DDD 모델을 제시하여 국가경쟁력을 종합적으로 평가하였고 군집 분석을 통해 한국과 BRICs의 협력과 경쟁 관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 한국과 BRICs 간에는 경쟁보다 협력의 요소가 더 많고 구체적인 협력방안을 실행함에 있어서는 BRICs를 하나의 실체로 보는 관점을 지양하고 개별 국가의 특성을 고려한 차별화된 접근법을 택해야 함이 입증되었다.
Abstract
BRICs have attracted a great deal of attention in recent years with their potential of economic growth. This has caused Koreans to feel concern about the rising power of BRICs compared to the lagging economy of Korea. The cooperation and competition between countries should be judged by a comprehensive analysis with all of the important factors comprising national competitiveness. The previous studies on BRICs, however, have focused on a limited number of factors in determining national competitiveness, and consequently resulted in some biases. In this article, the DDD model that integrates the previous extensions of Porter's (1990) diamond model estimates national competitiveness of Korea and BRICs in a comprehensive manner. More specifically, the cluster analysis is conducted to analyze the cooperative and competitive relationship between Korea and BRICs. The results show that Korea and BRICs have more cooperative than competitive factors. Another important finding is that BRICs should not be regarded as a single entity in the process of implementing the detailed strategy for cooperation, but as independent economies which have their unique country-specific characteristics.
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