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오프쇼어링 위협 효과가 숙련 프리미엄에 미치는 영향:비숙련 및 숙련노동의 대체적 투입관계를 중심으로

The Consequences of Offshoring Threat Effects on Skill Premium: Focusing the Substitutable Inputs of Skilled and Unskilled Labour

황욱|권철우
한국국제통상학회 (The Korean Association of Trade and Industry Studies)|2018.09|국제통상연구 (Journal of International Trade and Industry Studies)|제23권 제3호|pp. 1-27|DOI 10.23030/katis.2018.23.3.001

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참고문헌

키워드

오프쇼어링OffshoringSkill PremiumMonopolistic Competition임금협상독점적 경쟁시장생산입지선택숙련프리미엄Wage BargainingLocational Choice.
주제분류무역학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 최근 주목받고 있는 숙련 및 비숙련 노동자의 임금격차가 확대되는 현상을 국제경제학적 시각에서 그 원인과 구조를 규명하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 독점적 경쟁시장에서 조업하는 독점기업과 노조 간의 임금협상을 해외생산(offshoring)에 따른 위협효과를 고려하여 분석함으로써 투입요소인 숙련노동과 비숙련노동의 임금수준을 예측하고 이 기업의 최적생산방식 결정에 미치는 함의를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 기본적으로 Kwon(2011)에서 제시한 숙련노동과 비숙련노동이 보완적 투입요소라는 제한적 가정을 완화하여 이들 투입요소가 상호 대체적인 관계에서 생산과정에 투입되는 경우에도 해외생산의 위협효과에 따른 이들의 임금격차, 즉, 숙련프리미엄이 확대될 수 있음을 설명하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 위협효과 유무에 따라 결정되는 임금수준을 고려하여 결정되는 기업의 최적 생산입지선택 문제로부터 위협효과가 비숙련노동자와의 임금협상에서 신뢰성을 가질 조건을 도출하고 이를 바탕으로 위협효과를 수반한 비숙련업무의 국내생산은 숙련프리미엄의 확대를 가져올 수 있음을 구조적으로 설명할 수 있었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study lies in finding the causes of and the international economics perspective framework for analyzing the phenomenon of wage differentials between skilled and unskilled workers, which is expanding and recently drawing much attention. For this, wage bargaining between labour unions and monopolistic firms operating in a monopolistic competition market, is analyzed regarding the threat effects from offshoring. Thus, it attempts to predict the wage level of unskilled and skilled workers, who are production inputs, and analyze its implications for such firms’ optimal production. The study basically explains that when these production inputs are put into the production process in a mutually substitutable relationship by alleviating the limited premise of complementary inputs of skilled and unskilled workers as presented by Kwon (2011), the threat effects of offshoring can expand the wage differentials between them, that is, the skill premium. In addition, the study deducts the conditions wherein threat effects become reliable during wage negotiations of unskilled workers from the problem of firms’ optimal production location choice, which is determined by the wage level and whether there are threat effects, to possibly structurally explain that the domestic production of unskilled work, carrying with it threat effects, can expand the skill premium.

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