RFID 시스템과 증명책임 전환에 의한 개인정보 보호

Abstract

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is increasingly being deployed for a variety of purposes. While there are situations in which this technology can have positive and benign effects, there are also potential privacy implications. RFID tags are so far primarily used to identify and manage objects (products) to control the supply chain or to protect the authenticity of the product brand; however, they could be linked with personal information such as credit card details and even used to collect such information, or to locate or profile persons possessing tagged objects. This technology could allow for the tracing of individuals and for linking collected information with existing databases. Radio-frequency identification tags (RFID tags) are currently being tested and increasingly being used as a more advanced form and possible replacement of bar codes (“smart labels”). The size of these microchips is about 1/3 of a millimetre (and smaller – “smart dust”). Most of them operate as passive transponders (without batteries) by listening to radio signals sent by transceivers (RFID readers) and using the energy of the received radio signal to reflect and answer it. Active RFIDs have a greater range (depending on the readers used). Since prices for RFID microchips and readers are dropping their widespread deployment becomes increasingly economically viable. RFID tags are likely to become essential drivers of ubiquitous (or pervasive) computing. Due to their storage and capacity for interactive communication they are far more powerful than bar codes. In addition they provide for unique identification of each tagged unit whereas bar codes are identical for every unit of the same product. However personal data can be processed and transmitted or read with the help of RFIDs or at least such object-related information can easily be linked with personal information (e.g. when a credit card is used for buying the tagged item). RFID tags have the potential of tracking the movements of a person who possesses or handles tagged objects. Many technology experts predict the development of a seamless network of millions of RFID receivers strategically placed around the globe in airports, seaports, highways, distribution centers, warehouses, retail stores, and consumers' homes, all of which are constantly reading, processing, and evaluating consumers behaviors and purchases. In addition to undermining a consumer's ability to enjoy a lifestyle in relative anonymity, critics of the technology counter that the information gathered by RFID readers could be obtained by the government for surveillance or monitoring the activities of citizens, or even misused by hackers and criminals. Even more, the ever-expanding use of RFID chips would leave no aspect of life safe from the prying eyes of retail and corporate giants. Chips integrated into commonplace products such as floor tiles, shelf paper, cabinets, appliance, exercise equipment, and grocery and packaged products would allow even our most intimate activities to be monitored. It is studied in this paper how consumer using RFID tags should be protected from the businessmen, enterprise or industrialist who are seeking profit in the field of RFID technology: The special attention is paid with a view to the protective way of consumer related to the conversion of proof responsibility in the civil procedure.