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위기상황에서의 리더십

Leadership under the crisis situations

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참고문헌

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

본 연구는 위기 상화에서의 리더십으로서 ‘역경극복 리더십’의 개념을 발전시키고, 이것이 조직유효성에 미치는 영향에 있어서 리더신뢰의 역할을 살펴 보았다. 역경극복 리더십은 카리스마, 낙관적사고 그리고 위기관리능력으로 구성되어 있는데 실제로 리더가 리더십을 발휘하는데 있어 역경을 이겨내는 것은 무척 중요한 요소이다. 기업의 경우 환경의 불확실성과의 상호작용 속에서 조직구성원들이 환경의 불확실성을 역경으로 인식하고 있으며 리더에게 이러한 역경을 극복하기 위한 비전과 미션을 제시하고 어떻게 대처할 지에 대한 명확한 해답을 기대한다. 역경 하에서 필요한 리더의 역량은 비전에 기반한 카리스마와 낙관적사고와 위기를 관리하는 능력으로 부하들과 함께 상호신뢰의 분위기를 창출하는 것이 필요하다. 부하가 리더를 신뢰하지 않는다면 리더가 주도하는 변화를 의심하게 되고 이에 따라 비전 등의 요소가 부하들에게 힘을 불어넣는 작용을 전혀 하지 못하게 된다. 따라서 궁극적으로 역경극복 리더십의 발휘를 통해 조직 유효성을 증가시키기 위해서는 구성원들과 신뢰관계가 이루어져야 한다. 리더와 부하들의 신뢰관계는 결국 안정적인 협력체계 유지를 위한 필수 불가결한 요소이기 때문이다. 결과적으로 리더가 리더십을 발휘하여 성과 등에 긍정적인 영향력을 미치기 위해서는 부하와 신뢰를 얼마나 쌓을 수 있는 가에 의해 결정된다는 것을 반영한다. 본 연구의 논의를 통해 리더가 조직유효성을 향상시키기 위해서는 카리스마와 위기관리능력이 먼저 충분하게 조직구성원들에 제시되어야 하며 이를 통해 리더신뢰가 커질 때 리더신뢰의 증가를 통해 부하들이 이를 자신의 성장을 위한 도전적인 과제로 여기고 자신감을 갖고 업무성과를 향상시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of “leadership at the edge” on the organizational effectiveness. More specifically, the primary goal of the study was to investigate if leadership at the edge makes the employee have trust and influences on organizational performance. Charisma, optimistic thinking, and crisis management, which are components of leadership at the edge, were derived from the case analysis of leaders who have overcome an edge or crisis in the organization. leadership at the edge significantly influences on organizational effectiveness. Charisma, optimistic thinking, and crisis management are very important to increase various leadership results. leader trust is mediating the relationship between leadership at the edge and organizational effectiveness. In other words, trust makes the employees have more affection on the organization and trust can be a momentum or power for employees to perform a new task (ex, innovativeness, stress, commitment, extra-role behavior and intend to quit etc). This study confirmed that trust which is recognized by the follower is the important characteristic of the leader. It indicates that the leader should gain trust from the follower for encouraging the followers’ collaboration and prompting synergy between the followers. Through the activities of the leader described above, when leader trust increase, the followers can consider stress as a challenging task for developing themselves and overcome it.

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