천연 원료광물 종류에 따른 적색 안료 특성분석 연구
A Study on the Characteristics of Red Pigments According to the Type of Natural Raw Materials
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초록
천연 원료광물의 활용가능성을 평가하기 위해 국내에서 산출되는 적갈색의 토양 4종과 암석 2종(셰일, 부석)을 이용하여 적색 안료를 제조하고 성분분석, 물성분석, 촉진내후성시험, 항진균 평가를 수행하였다. 제조된 안료는 적색 발색광물로 알려진 적철석(hematite)을 주요 구성광물로 함유하고 있으며, Fe의 함량이 12.4%∼27.2%로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 제조된 안료의 평균 입도는 모두 30 µm 이하이며 은폐력은 95% 이상으로 채색작업에 적합하였다. 촉진내후성시험 결과, 자외선 누적광량 334 MJ/m2에서 암석성 원료광물로 제조한 안료에 비해 토양성 원료광물로 제조한 안료의 색차값이 작게 나타났으며, 특히, TH는 색차 1.25로 안정성이 매우 우수한 것으로 확인된다. 제조된 적색 안료를 대상으로 항진균 효과를 분석한 결과, 제조 안료 6종 모두에서 균 생장 억제 효과를 확인하였으며, calcite(CaCO3) 함량이 높은 PC에서 가장 높은 균 생장 억제율(HGIR)을 보였다. 결과적으로, 국내 천연 원료광물을 이용하여 제조한 적색 안료는 채색용 안료로 활용하기에 충분한 품질 및 기능성을 확인하였으며, 색상에서는 고단청의 석간주, 주홍, 장단, 육색, 다자 등과 유사하거나 전통표준색상과 유사한 색범위를 갖는 것으로 나타나 단청뿐만 아니라 벽화, 불화 등 다양한 분야에서 채색안료로 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
In this study, to evaluate the application of natural raw material minerals, red pigments were manufactured using four types of red-brown soils and two types of rocks (shale and pumice) produced domestically, and component analysis, physical property analysis, an accelerated weathering test, and antifungal effect analysis were performed. The manufactured pigment contained hematite, whose main constituent mineral is known be a red chromogenic mineral, and the Fe content was relatively high at 12.4% to 27.2%. The average particle size of the red pigments was less than 30 µm and its opacity was more than 95%, making it suitable for painting work. The accelerated weathering test showed that at an accumulated UV irradiance of 334 MJ/m2, the color difference (ΔE) value of the pigment manufactured from soil-based raw minerals was smaller than that of the pigment manufactured from rock-based raw minerals. In particular, TH pigment was confirmed to have excellent stability, with a color difference of 1.25. Analysis of the antifungal effects of the manufactured red pigments confirmed that all six manufactured pigments inhibited fungal growth, and PC with high calcite (CaCO3) content showed the highest fungal growth inhibition rate (HGIR). This confirmed that the red pigment manufactured using domestic natural raw minerals exhibited sufficient quality and functionality for use as a painting pigment. In addition, the colors were found to be similar to those of the Seokganju, Juhong, Jangdan, Yuksaek and Daja of the traditional Dancheong colors or had a color range similar to that of the traditional standard colors. Therefore, it is believed that it can be used as a painting pigment in various fields, such as wall painting, Buddhist painting, and Dancheong.
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