법유 첨가 석회 모르타르의 성분 분석
The Characteristics of Component of Lime Mortars with Perilla Oil
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초록
석회는 오랜 기간 사용된 전통 재료로서 고분, 성곽 여장, 온돌, 건축물, 회곽묘 등에 사용되었다. 석회가 첨가 재료와 혼합하여 사용한 문헌 기록을 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 전통 석회 첨가 재료 가운데 법유를 혼합하거나 도포한 석회 모르타르를 양생 환경, 채취 위치, 양생 시간에 따라 법유 성분의 변화를 열분해 기체크로마토그래피 질량분석법과 감쇠전반사 푸리에 변환 적외선분광법으로 관찰하였다. 법유는 불포화지방산인 올레산, 리놀레산과 포화지방산인 팔미트산 등이 주성분으로 확인되었고, 법유가 경화되면서 아젤라 인산, 팔미트산, 스테아르산 등 포화지방산 비율이 높아지는 경향으로 나타났다. 이러한 경향은 법유를 사용한 석회 모르타르에서도 확인되고 있다. 법유를 혼합한 석회에서는 올레산 성분이 우세하게 검출되었다. 법유를 도포한 석회의 경우 내부 시료에서는 특성 성분이 확인되지 않고, 도포면에서는 실내와 옥외 환경에 따라 특성 성분 변화가 확인되었다. 실내의 안정된 환경에서는 팔미트산, 스테아르산, 올레산이 주성분으로 검출되었으나 기후 환경(옥외)에 노출되면서 아젤라인산, 팔미트산, 스테아르산이 주성분으로 확인되었다. 특히 아젤라인산이 도포한 모르타르에서만 검출된 점이 특징적이다. 다만 FT-IR 분석법을 이용한 법유의 파악 가능성은 법유 농도에 따라 검출 한계가 있었다. 이와 같은 분석 결과는 향후 문헌 고증과 더불어 문화유산에 사용된 석회 첨가 재료 규명과 시공 기술 연구에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
A lime is a traditional material that has been used for a long time and has been used in ancient tumb, fortress walls, ondol, buildings, and lime-mortar barrier tombs. Based on the literature records used lime with additive materials, in this study, observed changes in the composition of perilla oil according to curing environment, sampling position, and time tor time mixed or applied with perilla oil among traditional lime additive materials by pyrosis gas chromatography mass spectrometery(Py-GC-MS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) analysis. For perilla oil, unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, and linoleic acid, saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid were identified as the main component, and as perilla oil was cured, the ratio of saturated fatty acids such as azelaic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid tended to increase. This trend has also been confirmed in lime mortars using perilla oil. In limes mixed with perilla oil, oleic acid is predominantly detected. In the case of lime coated with perilla oil, no characteristic component was identified in the internal sample, and a change in characteristic components were confirmed according to the indoor and outdoor environments on the coated surface. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid were detected as main components in a stable indoor environment, but azelaic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid were identified as main components as they were exposed to the climate environment(outdoor). In particular, it is characterized by the fact that it was detected only in mortar applied with azelaic acid. However the possibility of grasping perilla oil using FT-IR was expected to have a detection limit depending on the concentration of perilla oil. Such analysis results are expected to contribute to the discovery of lime additive materials used in cultural heritage and the research on construction technology in the future.
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