뉴미디어 리터러시가 뉴스 팩트체크 행동에 미치는 영향: 불확실성에 대한 민감성의 조절효과와 가짜뉴스 태도 및 사실확인 동기의 매개효과를 중심으로
The Effects of New Media Literacy on News Fact Check Behavior: The Moderating Effect of Intolerance of Uncertainty and the Mediating Effect of Fake News Attitude and Facthecking Motivation
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참고문헌
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초록
연구목적본 연구는 코로나 19와 같이 새롭게 등장한 전염병에 대하여 지속해서 확산되는 가짜뉴스에 대한 정보 이용자의반응을 확인하기 위해 뉴미디어 리터러시와 불확실성에 대한 민감성이 뉴스 팩트체크 행동에 미치는 영향을검토하고자 하였다. 뉴미디어 리터러시는 정보에 대한 소비를 넘어 사실확인 여부를 비판적으로 판단하는 능력을포함하는 개념으로 가짜뉴스에 대한 부정적인 인식을 높이고 사실을 확인하려는 의도와 행동을 높일 것이다. 또한 불확실성이 발생하였을 때 이에 대하여 더욱 민감하게 반응하는 성향인 불확실성에 대한 민감성의 조절효과를 통해 민감성이 낮은 사람들에게서 리터러시의 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구방법온라인 설문 전문 업체를 통해 설문조사를 수행하였다. 20-60대의 성인 남녀를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 참가자들은 이메일을 통해 설문 참가에 동의한 뒤 연구 모형 검증을 위해 구성된 설문 문항에 답하였다. 연구결과연구 결과 사람들은 뉴미디어 리터러시가 높을수록 뉴스 팩트체크 행동이 높아졌으며 이는 가짜뉴스 태도와사실확인 동기에 의해 매개되었다. 이러한 이중 매개 효과는 불확실성에 대한 민감성이 낮은 사람들에게서 발견되어 불확실성에 대한 민감성의 조절 효과를 확인하였다. 결론 및 함의이와 같은 연구 결과는 미디어 리터러시를 높이는 것이 가짜뉴스의 확산을 방지하는 정보 이용자의 팩트체크행동을 높이는 방안이 될 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 또한 불확실성에 대하여 민감성이 낮은 사람들에게서 더욱더효과적이라는 것을 본 연구는 확인하였다. 끝으로 연구의 시사점과 향후 연구 방향에 대하여 논하였다.
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to examine the effect of new media literacy and intolerance of uncertainty on news fact-check behavior to identify the attitude of information users to the continuously spreading fake news about newly emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19. New media literacy is a concept that includes the ability to judge whether to confirm facts beyond consumption of information and will increase negative awareness of fake news and increase intention and behavior to confirm facts. In addition, through the moderating effect of intolerance of uncertainty, we tried to review that people's perception and attitude toward news whose information is not clear. Methods The survey was conducted through an online survey company. A study was conducted on adult men and women in their 20s and 60s. Participants agreed to participate in the survey through e-mail and then answered the questionnaire organized to verify the research model. Results The results of the study showed that the higher the new media literacy, the higher the news fact-check behavior, which was mediated by the attitude toward acceptance of fake news and the fact-checking motivation. In addition, this study confirmed that the mediating effect is moderated by intolerance of uncertainty. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that increasing media literacy can be a way to increase the fact-check behavior of information users to prevent the spread of fake news. In addition, this study confirmed that the mediating effect is more effective in people with low intolerance of uncertainty. Finally, the implications of the study and future research directions were discussed.
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