대학 온라인 학습에서 LMS 로그데이터를 활용한 자기조절학습 예측 요인 탐색: 학습 시간 관리를 중심으로
Exploring the Predictors for Self-Regulated Learning Using LMS Log Data in Online Higher Education
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초록
학습과 관련한 다양한 데이터가 축적됨에 따라 교육적 맥락에서 데이터 중심 접근이 확대되고 있으며, 특히 학습관리시스템(LMS) 내에 저장된 데이터를 활용하여 학습자의 행동을 예측하고 학습자의 자기조절학습을 지원할 수 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 로그데이터를 활용하여 인지조절, 행동조절, 맥락조절 각 영역의 자기조절학습을 예측하는 학습 시간 관리 관련 학습행동 데이터를 탐색하고, 학습자의 자기조절학습 지원에 시사점을 주는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 A대학 교양 교과목 수강생의 학습관리시스템 내 로그데이터를 바탕으로 의사결정나무 및 랜덤 포레스트 분석을 실시하여 각 영역의 자기조절학습 예측 모형을 도출하였으며, 온라인 학습행동 변수의 중요도를 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 시간 관리 관련 온라인 학습행동은 인지조절, 행동조절, 맥락조절 전체 영역의 자기조절학습 예측에 있어 대부분 높은 중요도를 보였으나, 학습 시점 규칙성 및 학습 시점 간격 변수의 중요도가 학습빈도의 중요도보다 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며, 주로 학습 시점 규칙성, 학습 시점 간격, 학습 횟수 순으로 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 자기조절학습 지원에 대한 시사점과 함께 추후 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
With the accumulation of various data related to learning, a data-driven approach is gaining more attention in the educational context. In particular, there is a growing need to leverage the data stored in learning management systems (LMS) to predict learners’ behaviors and support their self-regulated learning. This study aims to explore learning behavior related to time management by utilizing log data and predicting self-regulated learning in the domains of cognitive, behavioral, and contextual regulation. This research aims to provide insights into supporting learners’ self-regulated learning by examining log data. Decision tree and random forest analyses were conducted to derive predictive models for self-regulated learning in each domain, and the importance of predictors was examined. The findings revealed that online learning behaviors related to time management played a crucial role in predicting self-regulated learning across all domains: cognitive regulation, behavioral regulation, and contextual regulation. However, the importance of variables related to learning timing regularity and learning timing intervals was relatively higher compared to learning frequency. Specifically, learning timing regularity, learning timing intervals, and learning frequency were found to exert the most significant influence in that order. Based on these results, the study provided implications for supporting self-regulated learning and suggestions for future research in the field of educational technology.
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