숙종대 明史 진강과 명의 멸망에 대한 인식 - 『明紀編年』 진강을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study explored the meaning of lectures on Ming-Shi (明史) in the royal study sessions which was conducted during the late period of King Sukong's reign, based on the perception of the fall of the Ming China including the South Ming (南明). Lectures on Ming-Shi (明史), the abbreviation for lectures on Ming-Shi in the royal study sessions, used Hwang-myeong-tong-gi (皇明通紀) as a main textbook. And details of the last days of the Ming dynasty which was not covered in this book was supplemented with the Myeong-gi-pyeon-nyeon (明紀編年). This is a history book compiled in a chronological form which was written by Jong Seong (鍾惺) of the Ming dynasty and supplemented by Wang Yeonam (王汝南) of the Qing dynasty. Wang Yeonam supplemented the periods of Emperor Huijong(熹宗) and Emperor Uijong (毅宗) and added the history of South Ming with referecne to Myeong-gye-yu-mun. This means that the South Ming was regarded as part of the Ming history. It partially dealt with the period of Emperor Yeongnyeokje’s reign in the form of a supplement to Myeong-gi-pyeon-nyeon. The lectures conducted in the royal study session during the reign of King Sukjong dealt with history that covers the reign of rulers up to Emperor Yungmuje. It meant that the fall of the Ming dynasty was attributed to emperors including Emperor Yungmuje. After the Manchu war of 1636, Joseon paid attention to the rule of Emperor Yeongryeokje during the process of driving plan for northern subjugation. In contrast, it was excluded the period of King Sukjong’s reign. Along with this, the perception of Emperor Uijong, who was criticized as a main culprit of collapse changed positively. It is due to the viewpoint that attributing the Ming dynasty's collapse to the emperor could damage the legitimacy of Joseon’s faithful relationship to the Ming Dynasty. The appellation, “Emperor Hwejong,” which was used during the lecture in the royal study sessions was changed into “Emperor Uijong,” which was decided in the South Ming dynasty while the foundation of Daebodan was discussed and processed. It reflected the change of the perception toward the collapse of the Ming dynasty. As such, Joseon’s perception toward the Ming dynasty's history established through lectures on the Ming-Shi (明史) during the reign of King Sukjong reflected its intention to secure the legitimacy of 'Faithful' relationship to the Ming Dynasty, which laid the groundwork for King Injo's restoration and establishing the status of Joseon as a successor of Chinese tradition.