漢詩를 通해 본 泰安 水路와 水軍鎭

Abstract

This study aims to investigate Taean, the place having rapid tidal current against cargo ships and the roles of Anheung Camp (Anheungjin) as the salvation place backside in the river city through poems and essays shown in the literature collections of scholars in Joseon Dynasty. In addition, this study also found out how the roles of Anheungjin as a port of call for transport ships and Sogeun Camp (Sogeunjin) which was established to pray for safe sailing of the transport ships were carried out through the operation of watchtowers. Chapter I reviewed a number of the sinking accidents of transport ships in Anheungryang which was called as Nanhaengryang (meaning the place of rapid tidal current), damages of human lives, and plunder of Japanese pirates in poems and essays shown in the literature collections of scholars, which are introduced as a basic material to restore the tough life of Taean residents who had to scoop out the grains for tributes from the wrecked ships and take the burden to wrap up the situations. Chapter II investigated the attempt to do excavation work for the Gulpo canal in order to change Nanhaengryang to Anheungryang by era. Such attempts had been done since the time of King Injong in the Goryeo Kingdom. There were persistent attempts for the excavation work according to great interests shown by kings and subjects even after the foundation of the Joseon Dynasty but they failed after all. This study showed the probabilities of the excavation works in Gulpo through the poems of various scholars by clause. Chapter III reviewed poems and essays shown in the collection of scholars in the Joseon Dynasty by clause and by theme in order to understand the circumstances of the Anheung region. Through Chinese poems, Clause 1 deals with the attempts for the excavation works in Gulpo in order to solve the difficulties of passing through Namhaengryang, the hardship resulted from the failure in excavation works, and the poems related to civil hardship due to the sinking accidents of transport ships. Clause 2 shows poems and essays of various scholars related to Anheungjin which was encamped as a salvation place in Ganghwado after the Qing invasion of Joseon. Clause 3 introduces poems, essays, and petition letters to the King related to Anheungjin, through which we can suspect the recognitions of scholars at that time on the Taean region. Lastly, it shows literature records and the current status of the eight watchtowers supervised by Anheungjin and Sogeunjin. Among them, it was passed down orally that the watchtower in Shinjinri guided the sea routes for envoys from Song Dynasty as well as serving for ritual service that prayed for a safe voyage. As a result of this study on poems of scholars, it was confirmed that being succeeded from the Goryeo Kingdom, Taean functioned as a place for scouts to defend against Japanese pirates in the Joseon Dynasty. This study also identified the guidance of transport ships and the fact that the guard soldiers (supervising officers) resided all the time to detect drift or emergence of any foreign ships and they performed their duty faithfully. This study also found out new facts through the realistic expression of the people at that time. Defending Ganghwado by Anheungjin, escorting transport ships by Sogeunjin, and establishing and operating watchtower to watch out the sea are those newly introduced facts in this study for the first time. In relation to further survey and research of the navy camp to do, studies of the watchtowers should be done as well.