베트남 파병사에 대한 소고(小考)
The central words and their meanings of the Military songs for the Korean soldiers dispatched to Vietnam War
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초록
파월군가에 사용된 단어들의 빈도수, 중심단어(중심성), 의미 네트워크를 살펴보고이들이 당시 정신전력에 어떤 의미를 가지는지 알아보려 한다. 1965년부터 1973년까지 작사된 8개의 군가를 대상으로 하였다: 맹호들은 간다, 우리는 청룡이다, 달려라 백마, 십자성 부대가, 돌아온 용사, 이기고 돌아왔네, 월남 파병의 노래, 주월 한국군의 노래. 빈도수, 중심단어(중심성), 의미 네트워크의 세 가지로 나누어 살펴보았다. 가장 자주 등장하는 단어는 ‘평화(17회)’였으며, ‘이름(14회)’이 뒤를 이었다. ‘이기’ (승리)와 ‘대한’이 각 10회씩, ‘조국’, ‘곳’, ‘월남’, ‘자유’, ‘우리’가 각 9회씩이었다. 텍스트 내에서 다양한 단어들과 연결되어 있는 정도인 ‘단어의 중심성’이 0.1 이상을 보이는 단어들로는 평화: 0.169, 조국: 0.136, 자유: 0.136, 위해: 0.130, 월남: 0.123, 이름: 0.117, 곳: 0.117이 있었다. 빈도와 중심성이 동시에 높은 단어로는 ‘평화’, ‘조국’, ‘자유’, ‘이름’, ‘월남’, ‘곳(장소)’, ‘이기’였다. 즉, 군가의 내용은 “‘조국’의 ‘이름’을 걸고 ‘자유’와 ‘평화’를 위하여 ‘월남’이라는 ‘장소’에 가는 장병들의 ‘승리(이기기)’를 기원”하는 서사이다. 이러한 방법은 군가의 시대별 변화의 양상을 비교해 보는 데도 사용해볼 수 있는 방법이며 북한 군가와의 비교에도 사용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This study analyzes the language used in military songs created for Korean soldiers dispatched to the Vietnam War between 1965 and 1973, with the aim of understanding their role in enhancing mental resilience and ideological commitment. The analysis focuses on word frequency, centrality, and semantic network structures. Eight representative military songs were selected for this purpose: Fierce Tigers Are Going, We Are Blue Dragons, Run! White Horse, Song of the Southern Cross Unit, Returned Soldier, Song of the Dispatch of Troops to Vietnam, and Song of the Korean Soldiers in Vietnam. These songs were examined using a three-pronged approach, consisting of word frequency analysis, measurement of centrality to identify key thematic anchors, and mapping of semantic networks to reveal relational patterns among core terms. The most frequently used word across the corpus was “peace,” appearing 17 times, followed by “name” with 14 instances. Other frequently used words included “victory” and “Korea” (each appearing 10 times), while “motherland,” “place,” “Vietnam,” “freedom,” and “we” each appeared 9 times. Words demonstrating high centrality, indicating strong connectivity to other words, included “peace” with a centrality score of 0.169, “motherland” and “freedom” each with 0.136, “purpose” with 0.130, and “name” and “place” each scoring 0.117. Words that ranked high in both frequency and centrality were “peace,” “motherland,” “freedom,” “name,” “Vietnam,” “place,” and “victory.” From these findings, the overall narrative of the songs may be interpreted as a message wishing for the victory of soldiers who bear the name and honor of their motherland, who are dispatched to the battlefield in Vietnam for the protection of freedom and peace. The language of the songs conveys a patriotic and ideological framework designed to support soldiers' psychological preparedness and morale. In conclusion, the combined application of frequency, centrality, and semantic network analysis provides valuable insight into how military songs functioned as tools of psychological reinforcement during wartime. This analytical approach can be extended to examine the evolution of ROK military songs from the Vietnam War era to the present day. Furthermore, it offers a useful framework for comparative analysis with the military songs of North Korea, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of ideological expression in military culture.