Effects of Different Intensities of Treadmill Exercise on Neuroinflammation and Neurotrophic Factors in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
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Obesity can impair brain health and regular exercise can effectively improve brain function. However, verification of the subclinical effects of exercise in different exercise intensities is limited. This study aimed to verify the effect of different intensities of treadmill exercise on hippocampal neuroinflammatory markers and neurotrophic factors in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Forty C57/black male mice received a 4-week standard diet (control, CON; n = 10) or high-fat diet (HFD; n = 30) to induce obesity. Thereafter, the HFD group was subdivided equally into the HFD + sedentary (HFDS), HFD + moderate-intensity exercise (HFDME), and HFD + high-intensity exercise (HFDHE) groups (n = 10 each). Treadmill exercises of different intensities were conducted for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of intervention, hippocampal interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ levels were significantly lower in the CON group than in the HFDS and HFDME groups (p < 0.05), and the HFDHE group showed significantly lower IFN-γ levels than the HFDS group (p < 0.05). In addition, hippocampal nerve growth factor levels were significantly higher in the HFDME and HFDHE groups than in the CON and HFDS groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results suggest that obesity can induce neuroinflammation, and regular exercise can alleviate neuroinflammation and induce an increase in the expression of neurotrophic factors regardless of exercise intensity.
Abstract
Obesity can impair brain health and regular exercise can effectively improve brain function. However, verification of the subclinical effects of exercise in different exercise intensities is limited. This study aimed to verify the effect of different intensities of treadmill exercise on hippocampal neuroinflammatory markers and neurotrophic factors in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Forty C57/black male mice received a 4-week standard diet (control, CON; n = 10) or high-fat diet (HFD; n = 30) to induce obesity. Thereafter, the HFD group was subdivided equally into the HFD + sedentary (HFDS), HFD + moderate-intensity exercise (HFDME), and HFD + high-intensity exercise (HFDHE) groups (n = 10 each). Treadmill exercises of different intensities were conducted for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of intervention, hippocampal interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ levels were significantly lower in the CON group than in the HFDS and HFDME groups (p < 0.05), and the HFDHE group showed significantly lower IFN-γ levels than the HFDS group (p < 0.05). In addition, hippocampal nerve growth factor levels were significantly higher in the HFDME and HFDHE groups than in the CON and HFDS groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results suggest that obesity can induce neuroinflammation, and regular exercise can alleviate neuroinflammation and induce an increase in the expression of neurotrophic factors regardless of exercise intensity.
참고문헌 (30)
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