니클라스 루만의 작동이론적 소통 이론에 근거한 갈등의 이해: 갈등의 원리와 현대사회의 갈등 현상들 및 해법의 원리들

Abstract

This paper builds a skeleton of universal new frame for conflict phenomena, presents a fundamental description of social conflict phenomena with that frame and applies it to the description of major conflict phenomena in modern society. We analyze its underlying structure by taking the operation of observing as an epistemological basis, and apply its principles to the operation of communicating. Communication operations, a special case of more universal operations, are generated as a result of collaborations of realistic relations rising from exclusion and inclusion, time selecting not the before but the after, and sociality between the communication object and subject. Communication can be differentiates into weak and strong conflicts from the tetralemma faced by realistic acts. Conflict defined as "denial of denial" in the article result in weak conflicts and strong conflicts, are itself actualize or potentialized respectively on excluded or included side. Through this basic composition, it becomes possible to seize the conflict phenomena accompanied with various sorts of communications between interactional systems, organizational systems, functional systems of societal systems. Conflict will ultimately result from the confrontation between sociality and realistic relations in the temporal dimension. Thus, all sorts of conflicts can be productively managed, placing strong conflicts on the side of the latent side with the weak conflict on the potential side, and boosting the realistic relations. We can derive conflict management principles that aim for the coexistence of factuality based on the sociality, and discussions will be conducted to extend conflict theory to the level of theory of society.