상설영화극장 니켈로디언의 관객 연구
A Study on the Audience of Nickelodeon
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초록
니켈로디언은 1905년 피츠버그에서 해리 베이비스와 존 해리스에 의해 처음 문을열었다. 거리에 상점입구를 면한 점포를 영화 극장으로 개조한 니켈로디언은 대체로적은 인원을 수용할 수 있는 좌석을 보유하였다. 5센트나 10센트라는 적은 비용으로영화를 감상할 수 있었던 니켈로디언은 이후 빠르게 성장하여, 1910년에 이르면미국 전역에 약 1만여 곳이 운영되었고, 이 시기 미국인의 여가 생활에 중요한비중을 차지하게 되었다. 따라서, 이 시기 니켈로디언의 관객을 분석하는 것은 20세기 초 미국인의 여가생활을 이해하는데 중요한 부분이 될 수 있다. 지금까지 니켈로디언의 관객에 대한 연구는 사회 계층을 중심으로 이루어졌다. 그 결과 니켈로디언의 관객은 노동계층, 이민자들이 중요한 부분을 차지하였다는 성과를 이루었다. 하지만 지금까지의 연구는사회계층을 중심으로 관객을 분석하여, 다양한 역사의 행위자를 충분히 분석하지못한 한계 또한 가진다. 특히 니켈로디언이 등장한 초기부터 주요 행위자였던 여성과 아동에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 소홀하였다. 본 연구은 지금까지 연구의 한계를극복하고 니켈로디언의 주요한 행위자 중 하나였던 영화관객을 분석하여 이 시기미국인의 여가 생활의 한 단면을 살펴볼 것이다.
Abstract
Nickelodeon Theater w as f irst o pen ed i n 1 905 by H arry D avis a nd John Harris in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Nickelodeon, which converted the storefront into a movie theater, generally had seats that could accommodate a small number of people. Nickelodeon theaters, which were able to watch movies at a low cost of 5 cents or 10 cents, grew rapidly, and by 1910, about 10,000 Nickelodeon theaters were operated throughout the United States. And it became an important part of American leisure life at this time. Therefore, analyzing the audience of Nickelodeon theaters at this time can be an important part of understanding American leisure in the early 20th century. So far, the study of the audience at the Nickelodeon Theater has been centered on the social class. However, so far, research has also limited the analysis of audiences centering on the social class and not fully analyzing various actors of history. In particular, research on women and children whose were major actors since the beginning of Nickelodeon has not been studied. This view will overcome the limitations of research so far and analyze the reactions of these audiences, and women and children, one of the major actors of Nickelodeon, to examine a section of American leisure life at this time
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