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다중반응교수(MEI)가 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 자극 등가 관계 안에서 보이는 파생적 인트라버벌 반응과 네이밍인 택트 반응에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

A Study on Effects of Multiple Exemplar Instruction on Derived Intraverbal Responses within Stimuli Equivalence in children with Autism spectrum disorder

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초록

이 연구는 다중반응교수(MEI)가 자극 등가 관계 내에서 보이는 네이밍인 택트와 파생적 인트라버벌 반응에 미치는 영향을 점검하였다. 연구 참여자는 자폐스펙트럼 장애를 가진 4~5세 아동이었다. 다중 프로브가 적용된 대상자간 중다간헐기초선 설계가 적용되었다. 자극 등가 관계를 보이는 자극들을 이용하여 자극-반응 관계 중 일부인 청자 반응에 대해 직접적인 교수를 통해 강화 이력을 형성하였다. 이어 자극 등가 관계 내 교수받지 않은 자극-반응인 화자 반응(파생적 인트라버벌 반응과 네이밍인 파생적 택트 반응)에 대한 프로브가 실시되었다. 참여 아동들은 등가 관계 내 낮은 수준의 파생적 반응을 보였다. 참여자들에게 다른 새로운 자극 세트를 이용하여 등가 관계인 관계형 틀 안에서 반응하도록 교수이력을 형성하는 다중반응교수를 실시하였다. 중재 후 참가자들은 관계틀 내에서 교수받지 않은 자극에 대해 파생적 인트라버벌 반응과 택트 반응을 보였으며 새로운 자극 세트에 대해서도 일반화된 반응을 보였다. 자극 내 비일관된 반응은 행동 발달점과 자극 통제와 같은 요인에 기인하는 것으로 논의되었다.

Abstract

This study was to investigate effects of the Multiple Examplar Instruction(MEI) on untaught tact as Naming and untaught Intraverbal using stimuli within equivalent relations. 4 and 5 year old children with Autism Spectrum Disorder participated in the study. A multiple baselines across participants with multiple probes design was used. Direct instruction on part of possible stimulus-response relations with the stimulus equivalence relations were delivered in order to establish reinforcement history within that relations. Probe for untaught stimulus-response within the stimulus equivalence relations, derived intraverbal and derived tact as Naming were conducted. The participant showed low level of correct derived responses with the equivalence relations. A MEI was implemented where the participant learned to respond within the equivalence relations a type of relational frame. The participants showed derived intraverbal and tact responses within the frame and generalized the responding to a novel set of stimuli. Possible source for inconsistent responding across stimuli were discussed in term of behavioral cusps and stimulus control.

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