초대교회 세례준비자(Catechumen)교육과 한국교회에의 함의점
Church Education for Catechumen in the Early Church and the Implication for the Korean Contemporary Church
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초대교회의 세례준비 교육은 교회교육의 핵심이었다. 교회는 세례준비 교육을 통해 기독교로 개종한 사람들을 준비시키고 훈련시켜서 교회의 정식 멤버가 되게 했다. 그 과정은 길었고 또 엄격했다. 이 교육의 과정을 통해 교회는 개종자들의 삶과 가치관을 변화시켰을 뿐 아니라 그리스도인으로서 새로운 신분에 대한 확실한 정체성을 확립시켰다. 이러한 훈련 위에 세워진 초대교회는 그 자체로 기독교의 변증이었고, 전도와 선교의 열매는 풍성했다. 반면에 초대교회는 다음세대 교육에는 다소 부진한 모습을 보이기도 했다. 또한 성경과 초대교회의 모습의 회복을 통해 교회를 개혁하려 했던 종교개혁자들이 형식적이고 의식적으로 전락한 사순절을 폐지하면서 초대교회 사순절의 교육적인 요소를 살려내지 못한 것도 또한 사실이다. 이러한 초대교회의 세례준비자 교육이 현대 한국교회 신앙교육에 주는 함의점은 충분히 생각해 볼만한 가치가 있다. 초대교회가 그랬던 것처럼 한국교회도 세례준비자들에게 그리스도인으로 사는 것이 무엇인지를 실제 삶을 통해 가르쳐내야 한다. 세례와 성찬의 의미를 바로 가르쳐 성도들이 진정한 천국잔치의 맛을 볼 수 있도록 해야 한다. 새신자와 학습교인들에게 그리스도인으로서 그들의 정체성을 각인시켜야 한다. 유아세례를 받은 다음세대 성도들을 위해 가정신앙교육이 강화되도록 가르쳐야 한다. 뿐만 아니라 교회는 다시 한 번 사순절의 교육적인 요소를 회복해야 할 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The Education for Catechumen in the early church was the core of church education. The Church trained and prepared them to be real church members through the special educational approach, especially for the Baptism. The course was rather long and strict. During this course all catechumens were educated to establish the identity about their new status as Christians. The early church built on this training system for not only the apology of Christianity but also the fruits of the work of mission of church. On the other hands there was a tendency of lacking in the education for the next generation in the early church. Furthermore, it was also true that the reformers failed to succeed in taking advantage of the educational aspect of Lent in the early church by demolishing the Lent which was spoiled into formalism and ritualism. Therefore, it is thought to be valuable to think of the implication of the catechetical education in the early church for the contemporary church in South Korea. As the early church did, the Korean Church needs to teach catechumens to change their previous life style into that of Christians through the examples of actual lives of church members. All catechumens as well as church members have to be taught to taste the heavenly feast in their church through the education of the Sacrament and the Baptism. Our churches have a necessity to encourage their catechumens to get strong identity of their new status as God’s Children. Christian family education should be reinforced for those who have infant baptism in order to avoid the failure in the early church. And finally, the Korean contemporary church needs to restore the educational aspect of the Lent in the early church which was ignored by the Reformers.
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