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성별에 따른 고강도 저항훈련 시 신체조성, 호르몬 및 근력변화 비교

Effect of Resistance Training on Body Composition, Hormone, and Muscle Strength According to Gender

김기홍|임미영|신윤아|석민화
대한운동학회 (Korean Acadaemy of Kinesiology)|2012.04|아시아 운동학 학술지 (The Asian Journal of Kinesiology)|제14권 제2호|pp. 23-35|DOI 10.15758/jkak.2012.14.2.23

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참고문헌

키워드

신체조성Body composition근력HormoneMuscle strength호르몬고강도 저항훈련Heavy-resistance training

초록

[서론] 본 연구는 10주간의 고강도 저항훈련 시 성별에 따른 신체조성, 호르몬 및 근력변화를 비교하고자 하였다. [방법] 본 연구의 피험자는 D대학교 다니고 있는 20대 초반 남․여 대학생의 남성 9명, 여성은 8명을 대상으로 하였으며, 10주간 주4회의 고강도 저항훈련을 실시하였다. [결과] 10주간의 저항훈련 후 남성은 체중, 체질량지수, 제지방량이 유의하게 증가하였으며, 체지방률이 유의하게 감소하였다. 반면 여성은 체중, 체질량지수, 체지방량이 감소하고, 제지방량이 유의하게 증가하였다. 성장호르몬과 인슐린은 성별에 상관없이 모두 유의하게 증가하였다. 저항훈련 전 절대적 및 제지방량 당 shoulder press, lat pull down, biceps curl 근력은 성별에 따른 차이를 나타내었으나, 저항훈련 후 남성과 여성 모두 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 저항훈련 전 절대적 및 제지방량 당 squat, leg extension, leg curl 근력은 성별에 따른 차이를 나타내었고 저항훈련 후 남성과 여성 모두 증가한 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 저항운동은 성별에 상관없이 제지방량을 증가시키고 체지방률을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 상체와 하체의 근력을 남성과 여성 모두 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 절대적 근력으로 나타낼 경우 남성이 여성보다 높은 근력을 나타냈으나, 제지방량 당 근력은 여성이 남성보다 큰 변화량 혹은 유사한 변화량을 나타내어 저항훈련에 따른 근력변화의 성별 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성장호르몬과 인슐린 및 코티졸 모두 성별에 따른 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

[INTRODUCTION] The purpose of this study was to investigate the body composition, muscle strength and hormone after 10 weeks of resistance training According to gender. [METHOD] Seventeen young men(n=9) and women(n=8) completed 10 weeks of heavy-resistance training with large muscle 4 days/week. [RESULT] After 10 weeks of resistance training, body weight, BMI, muscle mass, and body fat increased in men. However, body weight, BMI, and body fat decreased and muscle mass increased in women. Growth hormone and Insulin level significantly increased for both men and women. Absolute strength of shoulder press, lat pull down, biceps curl and strength per lean body mass showed the differences between genders before resistance training and increased in both men and women after resistance training. Absolute strength of squat, leg extension, and leg curl showed the differences between genders before resistance training and increased in both men and women after resistance training. Leg extension and leg curl per lean body mass showed the differences between genders before resistance training but squat per lean body mass didn't showed the difference between genders before resistance training. [CONCLUSION] We concluded that muscle mass, upper and lower muscle strength significantly increased and body fat decreased for both men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training. Absolute gains in muscle strength in response to heavy-resistance training typically were more in men than in women. Relative the changes of muscle strength per lean body mass increments after resistance training, however, may be more in women than in men. Therefore, no gender differences were observed in the changes of muscle strength and anabolic hormone after heavy resistance training, indicating that the differences of relative change were not found in both men and in women.

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