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스포츠 활동과 심장자율신경계 활동

Sports Activities and Activity of Autonomic Nervous System in Cardiac Rhythm

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대한운동학회 (Korean Acadaemy of Kinesiology)|2013.04|아시아 운동학 학술지 (The Asian Journal of Kinesiology)|제15권 제2호|pp. 47-60|DOI 10.15758/jkak.2013.15.2.47

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참고문헌

키워드

시간생물학Chronobiology스포츠 활동자율신경계 활동지구성훈련Sports ActivityAutonomic Nervous System ActivityEndurance Training

초록

[서론] 이 연구는 심장자율신경계 활동의 평가와 의의를 알아보고 지구성훈련과의 관련성 및 시간생물학적 연구에 대해 밝히고자 하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 심장자율신경계, 심장자율신경계 활동의 평가, 심장자율신경계 활동과 지구성 훈련 및 심장자율신경계의 시간생물학적 연구의 주요어를 가진 문헌을 토대로 자료를 정리하였다. [본론] 심장부교감신경계의 활동수준의 평가방법에는 심박변동 해석을 위한 시간영역 해석법과 주파수영역 해석법이 있으며, 이들 해석법은 심장의 전기적 안정성을 평가한다. 심박수는 운동 시에는 증가하고 운동 종료 후에는 감소하는데 이러한 변화에는 심장자율신경계 활동이 관여하고 있다. 지구성 운동선수의 심장부교감신경계 활동은 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 고혈압, 당뇨병 및 심근경색과 같은 유질환자의 지구성훈련은 심장부교감신경계 활동을 개선하고 심장의 전기적 안정성을 높이는 효과가 있다. 따라서 심장자율신경계 활동은 생체의 피로상태를 반영하고 운동선수의 컨디셔닝을 위한 지표로서 유용할 가능성이 있다. 그러나 탈훈련 및 건강한 사람을 대상으로 심장자율신경계 활동의 변화에 대해서는 향후 검토가 필요하다. 심장부교감신경계 활동의 회복응답은 운동훈련에 의해 개선시킬 가능성이 있으며, 특히 운동 종료 후에 하루주기리듬의 차이를 검토할 필요가 있다고 사료된다. [결론] 결론적으로, 이 연구에서는 스포츠 활동과 심장자율신경계 활동과는 밀접한 관련성이 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 향후에는 운동부하에 따른 반응성 등 추가적 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

Abstract

[INTRODUCTION] The purpose of this paper is to review the function of autonomic nervous system on cardiac rhythm, the relationship between endurance training and cardiac autonomic nervous system, and chronobiologic studies in heart functions. [METHOD] Data collected by keywords that cardiac autonomic nervous system, the evaluation of the cardiac autonomic nervous system activity, cardiac autonomic nervous system activity and endurance training, and chronobiologic studies in heart functions. [RESULT] To evaluate cardiac parasympathetic nervous activity, the time-domain and frequency area is used for the analysis of the chronotropismus, and these analysis are evaluates electric stability in cardiac rhythm. It is generally assumed that heart rate is increased during exercise and is decreased following exercise. These changes are regulated by cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. Recently, it is reported that parasympathetic activity is higher in endurance athletes, and endurance training improves parasympathetic activity and also increases cardiac electric stability in patients such as hypertension, diabetes, and myocardial infarction . Therefore, it is possible that the autonomic nervous system activity reflects body fatigue state and could be an index of athletes conditioning. However, more researches are needed to confirm the detraining effects on these studies in healthy subjects Moreover, reexcitability on the parasympathetic activity may be improved by exercise training. In particular, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between circadian rhythm and exercise. [CONCLUSION] this study confirms that sports activities may closely be related with the autonomic nervous system activity in heart. Further studies for the mechanism of exercise response on cardiac autonomic nervous system activity would be necessary in the future.

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