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멜라토닌과 정신과 질환

Melatonin in Psychiatric Disorders

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류정신과학

초록

멜라토닌의 합성과 분비는 하루주기리듬을 보이며 수면-각성 리듬을 조절한다. 다양한 정신과 질환에서 멜라토닌 분비의 이상이 관찰된다. 주요우울장애, 양극성 기분장애, 계절성 기분장애에서 멜라토닌 합성과 분비에 이상 소견이 알려져 있고, 멜라토닌과 멜라토닌 효현제를 일차적인 항우울제 혹은 기분조절제의 부가 요법으로 사용할 수 있다. 알츠하이머병에서는 멜라토닌과 멜라토닌 수용체의 이상 소견이 발견되었다. 자폐증에서는 멜라토닌 농도의 저하와 멜라토닌 합성에 관여하는 효소의 유전적 다형태가 발견되며, 멜라토닌 투여가 수면 증상의 개선에 효과가 있다.

Abstract

The secretion of melatonin exhibits a circadian rhythm entrained with the sleep-wake cycle. An alteration of this secretory rhythm has been found in various psychiatric disorders. This review summarizes the regulation of melatonin and its relationship to the circadian rhythm, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder, Alzheimer’s disease and autism. The review also looks at the effect of melatonin and melatonin agonist on sleep and symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder and seasonal affective disorder. In Alzheimer’s disease, the circadian rhythm alterations are associated with the change of melatonin levels and melatonin receptors. It has been reported that melatonin and melatonin synthetic enzyme levels decrease in autism spectrum disorder.

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