계절성 정동장애: 정신생리학적 측면을 중심으로
Seasonal Affective Disorder: Focusing on Psychophysiological Aspects
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본 연구는 계절성 정동장애의 정신생리학적 병태생리 및 치료에 대해 살펴보았다. 상대적으로 높은 위도에서 겨울형 SAD 유병률의 높은 것으로 보고되고 있고, 같은 지리적 위 치에서도 민족에 따라 다른 유병률이 보고되고 있어 유전 자-환경의 상호작용이 중요할 질환임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 세로토닌 감소, 멜라토닌 수치의 감소가 보고되고 있 으며, 내부 일주기 리듬의 변화가 발병 및 치료에 있어서 중 요한 요인임을 확인하였다. 이를 통하여 수면/각성 주기와 관련된 생물학적 리듬과 내부 일주기리듬을 재설정하기위 해, 광치료, 광치료의 대안인 새벽 시뮬레이션, 음이온 발생 기 및 약물치료 등을 활용할 수 있으며, 향후 이러한 내용들 을 SAD 환자의 치료에 적용할 근거를 확인하였다.
Abstract
The Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a disorder characterized by prolonged periods of depression and various physical and psychological symptoms experienced during specific seasons, typically winter. In this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of SAD with a specific focus on psychophysiological aspects. Through the review from ancient times to the present, this paper explores the characteristics, causes, and underlying mechanisms of SAD. Particularly, it comprehensively reviews the research findings on the relationship between external factors such as light, sunlight, climate, and their association with SAD. Furthermore, the paper discusses the interplay between SAD and psychophysiological changes, along with the latest research trends in treatment and prevention strategies. By combining theoretical and practical perspectives on SAD, this article aims to provide a holistic understanding and offer suggestions for future research directions and clinical interventions.
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