성인 인터넷 중독과 일주기 리듬의 연관성
Relationship Between Internet Addiction and Circadian Rhythm in Adults
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
목 적 : 그동안의 인터넷 중독에 대한 연구는 청소년과 초기 성인기만을 대상으로 이루어졌다. 본 연구는 우리나라 성인 연령에서의 인터넷 중독의 위험성을 확인하고, 인터넷 중독이 수면에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 방 법 : 우리나라 성인인구를 대표할 수 있도록 인구비례 추출을 통해 508명의 대상을 선정하였고, Alcohol Use Dis-order Identification Test-Korea (Audit-K), Zung’s Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), 최근 1년간의 약물 사용, 자살시도를 확인하여 325명을 최종 대상으로 연령, 성별, 거주지 등의 사회인구학적 요인과 함께 Young’s Internet Add-iction Scale (IAS)와 Morningness-Eveningness Question-naire (MEQ), 주중과 주말의 입면시각, 기상시각 그리고 카페인 음료 섭취 여부 등을 온라인 설문조사를 통해 조사하였다. 결 과 : 인터넷 중독 고위험 군은 총 325명 중 136명(41.8%), 정상사용 군은 189명(58.2%)이었다. 인터넷 중독 고위험 군은 정상사용 군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 남성이 많고, 나이가 어릴수록 인터넷 중독 고위험 군에 속하는 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났지만 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 인터넷 중독 고위험 군은 정상사용 군에 비해 저녁형의 비율이 높았으며, 인터넷을 사용하기 위해 카페인 음료를 섭취하는 비율이 높았다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과는 성인에서도 인터넷 중독의 고위험 군이 많고, 청소년과 초기 성인기와 유사하게 성인에서도 인터넷 중독과 수면 사이에 의미 있는 연관이 있음을 보여주었다. 향후 인터넷 중독과 아침형-저녁형 간의 인과 관계를 밝히기 위한 종단 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Internet addiction is an increasing problem in Korea. The previous studies in this area have targeted adolescents and young adults. This study was conducted to examine the risk of internet addiction in Korean adults and the effect of internet addiction on circadian rhythm. Materials and Methods: For this study, 508 subjects were chosen through population proportional sampling to represent the adult population in Korea, 325 of whom were included based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korea (Audit-K), Zung’s Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), drug use in the past year, and suicide attempts. In these subjects, sociodemographic factors including age, gender, and residential area were analyzed, and Young’s Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and an online survey examining sleep onset time on weekdays and weekends, wake-up time, and caffeinated drink intake were executed. Results: Of the 325 subjects, 136 (41.8%) belonged to a high-risk internet addiction group (IAS ≥ 40), and 189 (58.2%) belonged to a normal group (IAS < 40). There was a high proportion of male subjects (p = 0.03) in the high-risk group compared to the normal group. There was a high proportion of younger subjects (p = 0.055) in the high-risk group compared to the normal group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Compared to the normal group, there was a high proportion of the evening type (MEQ ≤ 41) in the high-risk group (p = 0.024), who also showed a high proportion of caffeinated drink intake (p < 0.001). Also, the high-risk group was found to go to bed and wake up late, but there was no statistically significant difference with the normal group. Conclusion: This study showed that many adults have a high-risk of internet addiction, and there was a significant correlation between internet addiction and sleep in adult, as has been found in adolescents and early adults. In the future, a longitudinal study will be needed to verify the causal relationship between internet addiction and morningness-eveningness.
참고문헌 (25)
- Carrier J, "Sleep and morningness-eveningness in the ‘middle’ years of life (20-59y)", J Sleep Res, 6, pp.230~237 (1997)
- Chakraborty K, "Internet addiction: Consensus, controversies, and the way ahead", East Asian Arch Psychiatry, 20, pp.123~132 (2010)
- Cheung LM, "The effects of insomnia and internet addiction on depression in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis", J Sleep Res, 20, pp.311~317 (2010)
- Davis RA, "A cognitive behavioral model of pathological internet use (PIU)", Comput Human Behav, 17, pp.187~195 (2001)
- Dowling NA, "Screening for Internet dependence: do the proposed diagnostic criteria differentiate normal from dependent internet use?", Cyberpsychol Behav, 12, pp.21~27 (2009)
- Gradisar M, "The sleep and technology use of Americans: findings from the National Sleep Foundation’s 2011 Sleep in America poll", J Clin Sleep Med, 15, pp.1291~1299 (2013)
- 경현수, "영 인터넷 중독 척도의 요인분석 : 한국 대학생 집단을 대상으로", 신경정신의학, 51(1), pp.45~51 (2012), 대한신경정신의학회
- Ha JH, "Clinical characteristics of internet addiction", J Korean Academy of Addiction Psychiatry, 16, pp.3~10 (2012)
- Hamblin DL, "Effects of mobile phone emissions on human brain activity and sleep variables", International Journal of Radiation Biology, 78, pp.659~669 (2002)
- Horne JA, "A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms", Int J Chronobiol, 4, pp.97~110 (1976)
- Kang SH, "Eveningness, sleep patterns, daytime sleepiness and fatigue in Korean male adolescents", Sleep Med Psychophysiol, 19, pp.89~96 (2012)
- Ko CH, "The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature", Eur Psychiatry, 27, pp.1~8 (2012)
- 이진성, "멜라토닌과 정신과 질환", 수면정신생리, 22(1), pp.5~10 (2015), 대한수면의학회[DOI]
- Nalwa K, "Internet addiction in students: a cause of concern", Cyberpsychol Behav, 6, pp.653~656 (2003)
- Park YM, "Sleep in relation to age, sex, and chronotype in Japanese workers", Percept Mot Skills, 87, pp.199~215 (1998)
- Punamaki RL, "Use of information and communication technology (ICT) and perceived health in adolescence: The role of sleeping habits and waking-time tiredness", J Adolesc, 30, pp.569~585 (2007)
- Roehrs T, "Caffeine: sleep and daytime sleepiness", Sleep Med Rev, 12, pp.153~162 (2008)
- Roepke SE, "Differential impact of chronotype on weekday and weekend sleep timing and duration", Nat Sci Sleep, 2, pp.213~220 (2010)
- Sinkkonen HM, "Internet use and addiction among Finnish adolescents (15-19 years)", J Adolesc, 37, pp.123~131 (2014)
- Song HK, "Internet addiction in adolescents and its relation to sleep and depression", Sleep Med Psychophysiol, 17, pp.100~108 (2010)
- Young KS, "Caught in the Net: How to Recognize the Signs of Internet Addiction and a Sinning Strategy for Recovery", pp.31~34 (1998), John Wiley & Sons
- Young KS., "Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder", Cyberpsychol Behav, 1, pp.237~244 (1998)
- Young KS, "Internet addiction: symptoms, evaluation and treatment", Innovations in clinical practice: a source book, 17, pp.19~31 (1999)
- Yu NJ, "A study on the standardization of the Korean version of J.A. Horne and O. Ostbergs’ morningness-eveningness questionnaire and on the sleep pattern", J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc, 34, pp.642~656 (1995)