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마인드 바이탈사인: 고위험 직업군의 정신건강 관리를 위한 새로운 패러다임

Mind Vital Signs: A New Paradigm for Mental Health Management in High-Risk Professionals

정현석|권솔지|윤수정|심영은|류인균
대한수면의학회 (Korean Academy of Sleep Medicine)|2024.12|수면정신생리 (Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology)|제31권 제2호|pp. 29-40|DOI 10.14401/KASMED.2024.31.2.29

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참고문헌

키워드

정신건강Mental healthHuman error공공 보건 및 안전 분야 직업군마인드 바이탈사인휴먼에러High-risk professionalsMind vital signs.
주제분류정신과학

초록

고위험 직업군은 직무 특성상 예측 불가능하고 긴박한 환경에서 신체적·정신적 외상에 반복적으로 노출된다. 이러한 직업 환경은 정신건강 문제의 발병률을 높이고, 판단력저하와 인지적 오류 발생 가능성을 증가시키는 주요 요인으로 작용한다. 특히, 이들 직군은 다양한 정신질환에서 높은단일 유병률을 보일 뿐 아니라 공존 이환율도 매우 높은 경향을 나타낸다. 더불어, 기존 진단체계로 포착되지 않는 준임상(subclinical) 증상 역시 빈번하게 보고되며, 이는 잠재적 위험 요인으로 작용한다. 기존 정신건강 관리 체계는 주로 증상이 악화된 이후 사후적 치료를 제공하거나 특정 시기에 한정된 단발성 평가를시행하는 등 결과 중심적 접근에 의존하고 있다. 이러한 접근은 고위험 직업군이 처한 직무 특성과 지속적으로 변화하는 스트레스 요인을 충분히 반영하지 못하며, 실질적인 예방과 지속적인 관리에는 한계를 보인다. 이에 따라 보다 능동적이고 선제적인 정신건강 관리 시스템 구축이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 요구를 충족시키기 위해 새로운 대안으로 '마인드 바이탈사인' 개념을 제안한다. 이는 기존 바이탈사인(혈압, 호흡, 맥박, 체온 등)의 개념을 정신건강 관리 영역으로 확장한 시스템으로, 보다 통합된 데이터를 기반으로 정신건강 상태를 실시간으로 모니터링하며 문제를조기에 발견하고 예방적 개입을 가능하게 한다. 이 체계는웨어러블 디바이스와 스마트폰 같은 디지털 기기를 활용하여 심박 변이도, 활동량, 수면 패턴 등 생체 신호뿐 아니라표정 및 음성 변화와 같은 행동 지표, 인지 과제 수행 결과를 종합적으로 측정한다. 이를 통해 다차원적인 정신건강상태를 정밀하게 평가할 수 있는 체계를 제공한다. 마인드 바이탈사인은 개인의 정신건강과 복지를 향상시킬 뿐 아니라, 조직의 안정성과 사회적 안전을 강화하는 데기여할 것으로 기대된다. 향후 연구는 임상 영역에서 마인드 바이탈사인의 실질적인 구현과 정책적 지원 방안을 구체화하는 데 초점을 맞추어야 한다. 이를 통해 고위험 직업군뿐 아니라 청소년, 노인, 여성 등 다양한 취약 계층에서도맞춤형 정신건강 관리를 가능하게 할 수 있다. 나아가, 정신건강 관리 체계의 새로운 기준을 정립하는 데 기여할 중요한 전환점이 될 것이다.

Abstract

Public health and safety professionals, including firefighters, police officers, and emergency medical personnel, serve as critical pillars of public safety and societal well-being. These professions require navigating environments characterized by ‘brittleness’, ‘anxiety’, ‘nonlinearity’, and ‘incomprehensibility’—conditions that lead to chronic physical and psychological stress. This stress significantly elevates the risk of mental health disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and sleep disturbances, while also increasing the likelihood of human errors driven by cognitive lapses. Such chal- lenges extend beyond individual health, undermining organizational efficiency and ultimately jeopardizing public safety and so- cietal welfare. Existing mental health management systems predominantly depend on reactive interventions, which are insuffi- cient to meet the dynamic and unpredictable demands of high-risk occupational environments. As a proactive alternative, this paper introduces the concept of ‘Mind Vital Signs,’ an innovative framework that expands the traditional concept of vital signs into the mental health domain. Mind Vital Signs integrates physiological indicators—including heart rate variability, physical ac- tivity, respiratory rates, and sleep patterns—with psychological and behavioral data such as ecological momentary assess- ments and life logs. By employing real-time monitoring and advanced analytics, this multidimensional system facilitates early detection of mental health risks and supports targeted and timely preventive interventions. The implementation of Mind Vital Signs not only bolsters individual resilience and organizational stability but also enhances operational efficiency and strengthens public safety and societal well-being. Future research should prioritize clinical validation and policy development to ensure the effective integration and scalability of Mind Vital Signs in high-risk occupational settings.

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